Surface Coal Mining Effects on Ground Water Recharge

Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309042376
eISBN Pdf: 9780309543361
Place of publication: United States
Year of digital publication: 1990
Month: January
Pages: 170
Language: English

Surface Coal Mining Effects on Ground Water Recharge
Copyright
Preface
Contents
1 Introduction
2 Legal and Regulatory Framework
- THE FEDERAL SURFACE MINING CONTROL AND RECLAMATION ACT OF 1977 AND "RECHARGE CAPACITY"
  - Introduction
  - History and Context
    - Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1974
    - Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1975
    - Surface Mining Control and Reclamation Act of 1977
  - Interpretation and Action Subsequent to Passage of SMCRA
  - Consequences of the Provision
- KENTUCKY AND OSM ROLES
- CHAPTER CONCLUSIONS
3 Hydrology of Ground Water Recharge
- HYDROLOGIC CYCLE
- OCCURRENCE AND MOVEMENT OF GROUND WATER
- GROUND WATER RECHARGE
- FRACTURED ROCK HYDROLOGY
4 Pre-Mining Conditions in Coal Mining Regions of the United States
- EASTERN COAL PROVINCE
- INTERIOR COAL PROVINCE
- GULF COAL PROVINCE
- NORTHERN GREAT PLAINS COAL PROVINCE
  - Decker Mine, Montana
- ROCKY MOUNTAIN COAL PROVINCE
- PACIFIC COAST COAL PROVINCE
5 Mining: Methods and Impacts
- OVERVIEW OF SURFACE MINING, SPOIL HANDLING, AND RECLAMATION
  - Contour Mining
  - Mountaintop Removal
  - Area Mining
  - Common Features of Three Mining Methods
- MINESOIL PROPERTIES
- ACTIVE SURFACE MINING EFFECTS ON RECHARGE
  - Appalachian Coal Basin
    - Summer Operations
    - Winter Mining
  - Western Coal Basins
    - Surficial Recharge Processes
    - Deep Recharge Processes
- RECLAMATION EFFECTS ON RECHARGE AND ON WATER QUALITY
  - Water Quantity
  - Water Quality
- CONTROL OF ADVERSE EFFECTS OF COAL SURFACE MINING ON GROUND WATER QUALITY
6 Quantifying Ground Water Recharge
- TECHNIQUES FOR ESTIMATING GROUND WATER RECHARGE
- APPLICATION OF TECHNIQUES TO SURFACE MINING SITES
  - Water-Budget Methods
  - Vadose Zone Flux Measurements
  - Water Table Fluctuation Measurements
  - Stream Hydrograph Separation
  - Geochemical Techniques
  - Numerical Modeling
- CONCLUSION
7 Conclusions and Recommendations
- GROUND WATER RECHARGE CAPACITY INTERPRETED
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
- HYDROLOGIC EVALUATIONS
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
  - CONCLUSION
  - RECOMMENDATION
References
Appendix A Glossary
Appendix B Legal Background
- B1. The Legislative History of SMCRA
- B2. Context of Recharge Capacity Provision As Introduced In 1973
- B3. SMCRA of 1977 Versions of Sections in Appendix B2
- B4. OSM Hydrologic Information and Balance Regulations
- B5. Ground Water Provisions in Kentucky Application Form
Appendix C Other Land Use Change Effects on Recharge
Appendix D Water Quality Issues Associated with Surface Coal Mining
- GROUND WATER QUALITY: EFFECTS OF COAL SURFACE MINING
  - Water Quality Criteria
  - Factors Affecting the Quality of Ground Water
    - Important Oxidation Reactions
    - Buffering Reactions, Salinity Production, and Sulfate Precipitation
    - Cation Exchange and Adsorption
    - Transport of Solutes
    - Biogeochemical Reactions
    - Onsite Disposal of Wastes
  - Monitoring and Assessing Ground Water Quality Impacts
    - Monitoring Ground Water Quality
    - Pre-Mining Overburden Assessment to Evaluate Impacts
- CONTROLLING WATER QUALITY
  - Controlling Acid Mine Drainage
  - Re-Mining to Control Water Quality
- DISCUSSION
Appendix E Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

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Surface Coal Mining Effects on Ground Water Recharge

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