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The Social and Built Environment in an Older Society

The Social and Built Environment in an Older Society

  • Editor: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309037808
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309542845
  • Lloc de publicació:  United States
  • Any de publicació digital: 1988
  • Mes: Gener
  • Pàgines: 305
  • Idioma: Anglés

Third in the series, this book addresses the social implications of architectural and interpersonal environments for older people. It suggests how society and its structures can enhance the productivity of, and preserve the quality of life for, older residents in a community. The study investigates new approaches to the problem, including new housing alternatives and new strategies for reflecting the needs of the elderly in housing construction.

  • America's Aging
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • Contents
  • Summary
    • INTRODUCTION
    • PREVIOUS STUDIES
    • THE CURRENT FRAMEWORK
      • The Demography of Current and Future Aging Cohorts
      • The Concept of Vulnerability among the Oldest Old
      • Federal Housing Policies
      • Public Intervention in Housing Programs for the Aging
      • Mobility and Social Integration of the Aging
      • The Swedish Perspective on Housing and Social Environments for the Elderly
      • New Technology and the Productivity and Independence of the Elderly
    • REFERENCES
  • Proposals for Policy and Further Research
    • AGE AND DISABILITY
    • ENVIRONMENTAL SERVICES AND THE WELL-BEING OF OLDER PEOPLE
    • PERSON AND ENVIRONMENTAL IN LIFE-SPAN PERSPECTIVE
    • SELF-DETERMINATION IN ENVIRONMENTAL DECISION MAKING
    • RESEARCH AND POLICY NEEDS
      • Population Issues
      • Housing Programs
      • Technology
      • Productivity and New Environmental Forms
      • The Vulnerable Aged
      • Transportation
    • CONCLUSION
    • REFERENCES
  • The Demography of Current and Future Aging Cohorts
    • THE EVOLUTION OF THE OLDER U.S. POPULATION
      • Components of Change
      • Age Composition of the Elderly Population
      • Sex Composition
      • Ethnic or Racial Composition
      • Regional Distribution of the Elderly
      • Urban-Rural Differences
      • Marital Composition and Living Arrangements
    • THE ''OLD OLD"
    • THE NEW AGED
    • THE FUTURE OLDER POPULATION
    • REFERENCES
  • Social and Physical Environments for the Vulnerable Aged
    • NOTIONS OF VULNERABILITY
    • THE VULNERABLE AGED
      • Functional Dependency
      • Disability and Other Markers of Vulnerability
    • RESPONSES TO DEPENDENCY
      • Service Responses
      • Environmental Responses to Dependency
      • Retirement Communities
      • Indirect Environmental Influences
    • FUTURE CONSIDERATIONS
    • NOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • Current and Emerging Issues in Housing Environments for the Elderly
    • HOUSING AND HOUSING-RELATED NEEDS
      • Dwelling-specific Needs
      • Dwelling-use Problems
      • Dwelling Modifications
      • Overlap Between Dwelling Problems
      • Summary
    • CURRENT FEDERAL HOUSING POLICIES
    • A POLICY FRAMEWORK
    • SELECTED INTERVENTIONS
      • Congregate Housing
      • Dwelling Modifications
      • Group Homes
      • The Impact of Such Arrangements
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • APPENDIX
      • Definitions
        • Dwelling Deficiency
        • Excessive Housing Expenditures
        • Need for Supportive Services
    • NOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • The Role of Transportation in the Social Integration of the Aged
    • INTERPRETING TRAVEL BY THE ELDERLY AND DETERMINING NEEDS
    • COMMON STEREOTYPES OF THE ELDERLY AND THEIR MOBILITY NEEDS
    • MOBILITY PROBLEMS OF THE INNER-CITY ELDERLY
    • MOBILITY PROBLEMS OF THE SUBURBAN ELDERLY
    • NATIONAL POLICY ON THE MOBILITY NEEDS OF THE ELDERLY
    • RESEARCH DIRECTIONS IN HOUSING/ MOBILITY TRADE-OFFS
    • NOTES
    • REFERENCES
  • Cross-National Perspectives on Environments for the Aged
    • IS THERE A GLOBAL PATTERN?
    • THE SWEDISH EXPERIENCE
      • Special Forms of Housing for the Elderly
      • The Swedish Institutional Elderly Population
      • Institutions for the Chronically Sick
      • Psychiatric Institutions
    • THE SWEDISH WAY OF CHANGE
    • SCRUTINIZING THE GOALS
      • Societal Prerequisites
      • Aim of Research
    • CONCLUSION
  • Technology and the New Environment for the Elderly
    • IMPLICATIONS OF TECHNOLOGY FORECASTS
    • GENERAL ISSUES
    • REFERENCES
  • Design Problems in Enhancing Productivity and Independence in Housing for the Elderly
    • BEHAVIORAL RESEARCH AND ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN
      • An Application Gap between Designers and Researchers
      • Research Should Inform Design
      • Captain Eldridge Congregate Housing
    • PROBLEMS ASSOCIATED WITH RESEARCH TRANSLATION
      • Greater Professional Recognition for Research
      • Design Journals Ignore Behavioral Impacts of Design
    • DESIGN ISSUES AND CONCEPTS
      • Physiological Issues
        • Better Communication of Research Findings
        • Barrier-free Design and Adaptable Housing
      • Sensory Aspects of Design
        • The Treatment of Light Is a Major Issue
        • The Empathic Approach to Age-related Vision and Hearing Changes
        • Redundant Cueing Relies on Several Sensory Messages
      • Social Interaction and Social Exchange
        • The Use of Shared Spaces
        • The Branch Provides More Choices and Control
      • Way-finding
        • Architectural Features Can Assist in Way-finding
        • Relocation Trauma Is Related to Way-finding Research
      • Neighborhood Concerns
        • Housing and Neighborhood Problems Are Often Interrelated
        • Importance of Access to Neighborhood Resources
        • Principles, Goals, and Objectives for Interventions
      • Management and Design
        • Managers Often Unaware of Design Intentions
        • The Therapeutic Environment
    • CASE STUDIES
      • The Villa Marin, San Rafael, California
      • Congregate Housing, Beverly Hills, California
      • Captain Eldridge Congregate House, Hyannis, Massachusetts
    • DESIGN COMMUNICATION
      • Design Communication through Training
      • Professional Seminars
      • Journals and Books
      • Development and Recognition of Exemplary Projects
      • Competition and Design Awards
      • Making Future Market Preferences Explicit
      • Support for Postoccupancy Evaluation
      • Problems with Information Transfer and Experimentation
      • Regulatory Requirements
      • Budgetary Constraints
      • Hesitancy of Manufacturers
      • A Lack of General Expertise in Design
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • REFERENCES
  • The Relation of Housing and Living Arrangements to the Productivity of Older People
    • PRODUCTIVITY BROADLY CONSIDERED
    • THE ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT
    • THE SOCIAL-ORGANIZATIONAL ENVIRONMENT
    • THE BUILT ENVIRONMENT
    • CONCLUSION
    • REFERENCES
  • Index

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