This volume examines the influences of technology and international trade policies on the troubled U.S. steel industry. Does leadership in technology guarantee competitive advantage in industrial markets? Or do the costs of production and the lack of investment capital offset technological gains for the domestic steel industry? Which international trade policies can help this industry, and which may be harming it? With these and other questions in view, The Competitive Status of the U.S. Steel Industry estimates global trends in steel trade, discusses patterns of production and consumption, and analyzes the possible effects of alternative governmental policies on this critically important industry.
- The Competitive Status of the U.S. Steel Industry
- Copyright
- Preface
- Contents
- Summary
- INDUSTRY CHARACTERISTICS
- IMPORTANCE OF THE STEEL INDUSTRY
- EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGY
- PRODUCTION COSTS
- MARKETS FOR STEEL PRODUCTS
- INTERNATIONAL PRODUCTION TRENDS AND THE SUPPLY-DEMAND BALANCE
- IMPORTS OF STEEL PRODUCTS
- PROBLEMS OF THE DOMESTIC INDUSTRY
- POLICY ALTERNATIVES
- Trade Policy
- Continuation of Current Policies
- Antidumping Suits/Countervailing Duties
- Tariffs
- Trigger Price Mechanism
- Quantitative Limitations
- Environmental Policy
- Antitrust
- Technology Policy
- CONCLUDING STATEMENTS
- Introduction
- 1 Industry Background
- STEELMAKING OPERATIONS
- TECHNOLOGY OF STEEL PRODUCTION
- Coke Production
- Ore Agglomeration
- Ironmaking—The Blast Furnace
- Steelmaking
- Open-Hearth Process (Oh)
- Basic Oxygen Process (Bop)
- Electric Arc Process (Ea)
- Casting
- Finishing
- IMPORTANCE OF THE DOMESTIC INDUSTRY
- NOTES
- 2 Technology Assessment of the Domestic Steel Industry
- EXISTING PLANT OPERATIONS
- Integrated Steel Mill Operations
- Minimill Operations
- INNOVATION CAPABILITIES OF THE INDUSTRY
- RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT
- SUMMARY OF TECHNOLOGY ASSESSMENT
- NOTES
- 3 Comparative Domestic and International Production Costs
- COMPARATIVE TOTAL PRODUCTION COSTS
- COSTS OF NEW INTEGRATED PLANTS
- COMPARATIVE LABOR COSTS
- COMPARATIVE MATERIALS COSTS
- POTENTIAL FUTURE COSTS OF MAKING STEEL
- NOTES
- 4 Trends in the Production of Steel
- UNITED STATES
- DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
- INTERNATIONAL TRENDS
- NOTES
- 5 Markets for Steel Products
- PROJECTIONS OF DOMESTIC STEEL CONSUMPTION
- FORECASTS OF WORLD STEEL CONSUMPTION
- Japan
- European Economic Community (Eec)
- Other Industrialized Countries
- Developing Countries
- NOTES
- 6 Imports in the Domestic Market
- HISTORICAL TRENDS
- Comparisons of Carbon and Specialty Steel Imports
- REASONS FOR INCREASED STEEL IMPORTS
- Import Price Versus Domestic Price of Steel
- U.S. Labor Negotiations
- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT)
- Voluntary Restraint Agreement (VRA)
- The Trigger Price Mechanism
- RECENT EVENTS
- NOTES
- 7 Problems of the Domestic Industry
- PROFITABILITY
- RECENT EVENTS RELATED TO DOMESTIC STEEL PRODUCTION
- FACTORS RELATED TO REVENUES AND COSTS
- NOTES
- 8 Policy Alternatives and Scenarios
- TRADE POLICY
- Current Policies
- The Countervailing Duty-Antidumping Route
- Tariffs
- Trigger Price Mechanism
- ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY
- TAX POLICY
- TECHNOLOGY POLICY
- ANTITRUST POLICY
- SCENARIOS
- CONCLUDING COMMENTS
- NOTES
- References
- Appendix A A Summary of the Economic Recovery Tax Act of 1981
- ACCELERATED CAPITAL RECOVERY SYSTEM
- Appendix B Estimates of Requirements For Factors of Production and Costs of Some Important Unit Operations in the Steel...
Text
Audio
Adobe DRM
Login to your account