Sixteenth-century Flemish painter Joachim Beuckelaer produced dozens of large-scale paintings of contemporary working women and men selling, presenting, and preparing a visually stunning array of foodstuffs for the viewer. These were new subjects in Antwerp and even newer in Italy, where elite merchants and nobles like Margaret of Parma displayed them as they were meant to be displayed: in dining rooms and spaces used for entertaining. This study explores the cross-cultural meanings of Beuckelaer’s distinctly Northern European kitchen and market scenes in the context of North Italian dining and food culture. Examining the functions of Beuckelaer’s strange and new subject matter, Goldstein situates his paintings and those of his closest Italian follower, Vincenzo Campi, in the physical space of the dining room, addressing dining practice and the class and gender tensions inherent in a setting that placed both elite and non-elite viewers before life-sized renderings of their employees, and themselves.
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgements
- Introduction: Beuckelaer as Periscope
- 1. Kitchens, Markets, and Marthas in Antwerp Houses
- 2. Beuckelaer and Margaret of Parma’s Flemish Identity
- 3. Fashion Spreads: Campi and the Affaitadi in Cremona (and beyond)
- 4. Parties, Privacy, Performance, and Paintings in the Duchy of Milan
- 5. Class, Food, Paintings, Health
- Conclusion: The “Problem” with Beuckelaer
- Bibliography
- Index
- List of Illustrations
- 1.1 Joachim Beuckelaer, Market Scene with Ecce Homo, the Flagellation, and the Carrying of the Cross, 1561. Nationalmuseum, Stockholm. Photo Credit: HIP / Art Resource, NY
- 1.2 Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Netherlandish Proverbs, 1559. Oil on panel. Gemäldegalerie, Staatliche Museen, Berlin. Photo Credit: bpk Bildagentur / Art Resource, NY
- 1.3 Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Peasant Wedding, ca. 1567. Oil on panel, 114 × 164 cm. Kunsthistorisches Museum, Vienna. Photo Credit: Erich Lessing / Art Resource, NY
- 1.4 Joachim Beuckelaer, Woman Selling Vegetables, 1567, Rockoxhuis, Antwerp, Belgium. Photo Credit: HIP / Art Resource, NY
- 1.6 Joachim Beuckelaer, Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, 1568. Oil on canvas, 1.26 × 2.43 m. Museo del Prado, Madrid. Photo credit: Museo Nacional del Prado / Art Resource, NY
- 1.5 Joachim Beuckelaer, Detail of Christ with Martha and Mary from Fire, from the Four Elements, 1570. Oil on canvas, 157.5 × 215.5 cm. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 1.7 Joachim Beuckelaer, Kitchen Scene, 1566. Oil on panel, 109.5 × 139 cm. Musée du Louvre, Paris. Photo credit: RMN-Grand Palais / Art Resource, NY
- 1.8 Pieter Bruegel the Elder, Twelve Proverbs (twelve separate plates mounted on panel), ca. 1558. Museum Mayer van den Bergh, Antwerp. Photo Credit: HIP / Art Resource, NY
- 1.9 Joachim Beuckelaer, Kitchen Scene with Christ at Emaus, ca. 1560–65. Mauritshuis, The Hague. Photo credit: Mauritshuis, The Hague
- 1.10 Joachim Beuckelaer, Well-Stocked Kitchen with Christ in the House of Martha and Mary, 1566. Oil on panel, 171 × 250 cm. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Photo Credit: Art Resource, NY
- 2.1 Joachim Beuckelaer, Fish Sellers, ca. 1569–70, oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples. Photo Credit: Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali / Art Resource, NY
- 2.2 Joachim Beuckelaer, Butcher’s Stall, 1568, oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples. Photo credit: Alinari Archives / Luciano Pedicini / Art Resource, NY
- 2.3 Joachim Beuckelaer, Market Scene with Birds, Monkeys, and Two Couples, 1566. Oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Photo Credit: Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali / Art Resource, NY
- 2.4 Joachim Beuckelaer, Fruit and Fowl Sellers, 1566, oil on canvas, 1.47 × 2.06 m. (about 4x6 feet), Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Photo Credit: Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali / Art Resource, NY
- 2.5 Joachim Beuckelaer, Fish Market with Miraculous Drought of Fishes, 1569, oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Photo Credit: Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali / Art Resource, NY
- 2.6 Joachim Beuckelaer, Market Scene with St. Matthew, 1566, oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Photo Credit: Alinari Archives / Art Resource, NY
- 2.7 Joachim Beuckelaer, Couple Selling Fowl, 1569, oil on canvas. Museo Nazionale di Capodimonte, Naples, Italy. Photo Credit: Scala/Ministero per i Beni e le Attività culturali / Art Resource, NY
- 2.8 Pieter Aertsen, A Meat Stall with the Holy Family Giving Alms, 1551. Oil on panel, 115.6 × 168.9 cm. Photo credit: North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh. Purchased with funds from Wendell and Linda Murphy and various donors, by exchange, 93.2.
- 2.9. Antonis Mor, Duchess Margaret of Parma, c. 1562. Oil on canvas, 106.3 × 77.6 cm. Gemäldegalerie, Staatliche Museen, Berlin. Photo credit: bpk Bildagentur / Gemäldegalerie, Staatliche Museen / Jörg P. Anders / Art Resource, NY
- 2.10 Circle of François Clouet, Portrait of Margaret of Parma as Child, undated. Oil on panel, 28.7 × 23.5 cm. Photo credit: The Lobkowicz Collections, Lobkowicz Palace, Prague Castle, Czech Republic
- 2.11 Twelve medallions, originally on the ceiling of the Ducci Palace, Antwerp. Hof van Busleyden, Mechelen. Photo credit: Joris Luyten
- 2.12 Medallion depicting Plus Oultre, motto of Charles V, originally at the Ducci Palace, Antwerp. Hof van Busleyden, Mechelen. Photo credit: Joris Luyten
- 3.1 Antonio Campi, Cremona fedelissima, Cremona 1582. Ca.3.1. Cremona Biblioteca Statale. Photo credit: Roberto Caccialanza
- 3.2 Vincenzo Campi, Fish Sellers. Oil on canvas, 142 × 215 cm. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.3 Vincenzo Campi, Fish Sellers, 1578. Oil on canvas, 142 × 215 cm. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.4 Vincenzo Campi, Fish Seller, 1580. Oil on canvas, 142 × 215 cm. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.5 Vincenzo Campi, Fowl Sellers. Oil on canvas, 142 × 215 cm. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.6 Vincenzo Campi, Fruit Seller, 1580. Oil on canvas, 142 × 215 cm. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.7 Vincenzo Campi, Fruit Seller in situ in the dining room at the Schloss Kirchheim. Schloss Kirchheim in Schwaben, Kirchheim. Photo Credit: Thomas Baumgartner, Photojournalist
- 3.8 Vincenzo Campi, Fowl Sellers. Oil on canvas, 145 × 220 cm. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan. Photo Credit: Scala / Art Resource, NY
- 3.9 Vincenzo Campi, Kitchen Scene. Oil on canvas, 145 × 220 cm. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan. Photo credit: Scala / Art Resource, NY
- 3.10 Vincenzo Campi, Fruit Seller. Oil on canvas, 145 × 210 cm. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan. Photo Credit: Scala / Art Resource, NY
- 3.11 Vincenzo Campi, Fish Sellers. Oil on canvas, 145 × 215 cm. Pinacoteca di Brera, Milan. Photo Credit: Scala / Art Resource, NY
- 3.12 Vincenzo Campi, Mangiaricotta (Ricotta-Eaters), ca. 1580. Oil on canvas. Musée des Beaux-Arts de Lyon. Photo Credit: Manuel Cohen / Art Resource, NY
- 4.1 Anonymous silversmith, Windmill Cup with hunting scenes and allegorical representations, front. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Photo credit: Rijksmuseum on loan from the Royal Archaeological Society
- 4.2 Anonymous silversmith, Windmill Cup with hunting scenes and allegorical representations, back. Rijksmuseum, Amsterdam. Photo credit: Rijksmuseum on loan from the Royal Archaeological Society
- 4.3 Puzzle cup in the form of a bowl with six spouts. Tin-glazed earthenware painted in blue and lustre, h.7.6 cm d.23.2 cm. Deruta, Italy, 1515–25. Victoria and Albert Museum, London. Photo credit: V&A Images, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.2 Joachim Beuckelaer, Fire, from the Four Elements, 1570. Oil on canvas, 157.5 × 215.5 cm. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.1 Joachim Beuckelaer, detail of Air, from the Four Elements, woman at left. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.3 Joachim Beuckelaer, Air, from the Four Elements, 1570. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.4 Joachim Beuckelaer, Water, from the Four Elements, 1569. Oil on canvas, 158.5 × 215 cm. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.5 Joachim Beuckelaer, Earth, from the Four Elements, 1569. Oil on canvas, 157.3 × 214.2 cm. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.6 Jerome de Busleyden’s stoove, Hof van Busleyden, Mechelen. Photo credit: Lode de Clerq
- 5.7 Annibale Carracci, Mangiafagioli (The Bean-Eater). Galleria Colonna, Rome. Photo credit: Scala / Art Resource, NY
- 5.8 Joachim Beuckelaer, detail of Air, from the Four Elements, male figure. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
- 5.9 Joachim Beuckelaer, detail of Water, from the Four Elements, male figure. National Gallery, London. Photo Credit: National Gallery, London / Art Resource, NY
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