Archives of Empire

Volume I. From The East India Company to the Suez Canal

Author: Harlow, Barbara; Carter, Mia
Publisher: Duke University Press
ISBN: 9780822331766
eISBN Pdf: 9780822385042
Place of publication: Durham , United States
Year of digital publication: 2004
Month: January
Pages: 830
DDC: 909/.0971241
Language: English

Caption

A rich collection of primary materials, the multivolume Archives of Empire provides a documentary history of nineteenth-century British imperialism from the Indian subcontinent to the Suez Canal to southernmost Africa. Barbara Harlow and Mia Carter have carefully selected a diverse range of texts that track the debates over imperialism in the ranks of the military, the corridors of political power, the lobbies of missionary organizations, the halls of royal geographic and ethnographic societies, the boardrooms of trading companies, the editorial offices of major newspapers, and far-flung parts of the empire itself. Focusing on a particular region and historical period, each volume in Archives of Empire is organized into sections preceded by brief introductions. Documents including mercantile company charters, parliamentary records, explorers’ accounts, and political cartoons are complemented by timelines, maps, and bibligraphies. Unique resources for teachers and students, these books reveal the complexities of nineteenth-century colonialism and emphasize its enduring relevance to the “global markets” of the twenty-first century.

Tracing the beginnings of the British colonial enterprise in South Asia and the Middle East, From the Company to the Canal brings together key texts from the era of the privately owned British East India Company through the crises that led to the company’s takeover by the Crown in 1858. It ends with the momentous opening of the Suez Canal in 1869. Government proclamations, military reports, and newspaper articles are included here alongside pieces by Rudyard Kipling, Charles Dickens, John Stuart Mill, Karl Marx, Benjamin Disraeli, and many others. A number of documents chronicle arguments between mercantilists and free trade advocates over the competing interests of the nation and the East India Company. Others provide accounts of imperial crises—including the trial of Warren Hastings, the Indian Rebellion (Sepoy Mutiny), and the Arabi Uprising—that highlight the human, political, and economic costs of imperial domination and control.

Contents
Acknowledgments
General Introduction: Readings in Imperialism and Orientalism
Volume Introduction: From the Company to the Canal
I. Company to Canal, 1757-1869
- Introduction: Adventure Capitalism: Mercantilism, Militarism, and the British East India Company
- Chronology of Events
- List of the Governors and Governors-General of India
- List of the Newabs of Bengal
- India under Cornwallis (1792) [map]
- India under Wellesley (1799) [map]
- India under Hastings (1832) [map]
- India under Dalhousie (1856) [map]
- G. A. (George Alfred) Henty, Excerpt from With Clive in India (n.d.)
- ‘‘Agreement between the Nabob Nudjum-ul-Dowlah and the Company, 12 August 1765’’
- Anonymous, An Inquiry into the Rights of the East India Company of Making War and Peace (1772)
- East India Company Act, 1773
- James Mill, ‘‘The Constitution of the East India Company’’ (1817)
- James Mill, Letter to Durmont (1819)
- John Stuart Mill. Excerpt from Autobiography (1873)
- Government of India Act, 1833
- Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, ‘‘A Speech, Delivered in the House of Commons on the 10th of July, 1833’’
- Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, ‘‘Lord Clive’’ (1840)
- Samuel Lucas, ‘‘The Spoliation of Oude’’ (1857)
- Sir Arthur Wellesley, ‘‘Memorandum on Marquess Wellesley’s Government of India’’ (1806)
II. Oriental Despotism
- Introduction : Oriental Despotisms and Political Economies
- Baron de Montesquieu, ‘‘Distinctive Properties of a Despotic Government’’ (1746)
- Baron de Montesquieu, Excerpts from Persian Letters (1721)
- Adam Smith, ‘‘America and the East Indies’’ (1776)
- Robert Orme, ‘‘Of the Government and People of Indostan’’ (1782)
- John Stuart Mill, Excerpt from The Principles of Political Economy (1848)
- John Stuart Mill, Excerpt from ‘‘Considerations on Representative Government’’ (1861)
- Karl Marx, ‘‘On Imperialism in India’’ (1853)
III. The Impeachment of Warren Hastings
- Introduction : Warren Hastings: Naughty Nabob or National Hero?
- Warren Hastings, ‘‘Warren Hastings to the Court of General Directors, 11 November 1773’’
- Warren Hastings, Excerpt from Memoirs Relative to the State of India (1786)
- Edmund Burke, ‘‘Edmund Burke on the Impeachment of Warren Hastings, 15–19 February 1788’’
- Westminster Hall during the trial of Warren Hastings (1788) [illustration]
- Fanny Burney, Diary Selections (1788)
- Edmund Burke, ‘‘From the Third Day of Edmund Burke’s Speech Opening the Impeachment, 18 February 1788’’
- Warren Hastings, ‘‘From the Address of Warren Hastings in His Defence, 2 June 1791’’
- Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, ‘‘Warren Hastings’’ (1841)
IV. The Case of Tipu Sultan
- Introduction: Tipu Sultan: Oriental Despot or National Hero?
- G. A. Henty, Excerpts from The Tiger of Mysore (189?)
- ‘‘Tippoo Sahib at the Lines of Travancore’’ (1789) [illustration]
- Major Diram, ‘‘Treaties of Peace, and Review of the Consequences of the War’’ (1793)
- Selected Letters between Tipu and Company Governors-General, 1798–1799
- Wilkie Collins, ‘‘Prologue: The Storming of Seringapatam, 1799’’ (1869)
V. Orientalism
- Introduction : Orientalism: The East as a Career
- Mary Shelley, Excerpts from Frankenstein (1813/1831)
- Benjamin Disraeli, Excerpt from Sibyl, or the Two Nations (1845)
- Definitions from the Hobson-Jobson Dictionary
- G. W. F. Hegel, ‘‘India’’ (1822)
- William Jones, ‘‘A Discourse on the Institution of a Society for Inquiring into the History, Civil and Natural, the Antiquities, Arts, Sciences, and Literatures of Asia’’ (1784)
- Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, ‘‘Minute on Indian Education’’ (1835)
- Max Müller, ‘‘The Aryan Section’’ (1876)
VI. Laws and Orders
- Introduction: Ordering ‘‘Chaos’’: Administering the Law
- Robert Orme, ‘‘Of the Laws and Justice of Indostan’’ (1782)
- Sir William Jones, Preface to ‘‘Institutes of Hindu Law: Or, the Ordinances of Menu’’ (1794)
- Lord Thomas Babington Macaulay, ‘‘Introductory Report upon the Indian Penal Code’’ (1837)
VII. Thuggee/Thagi
- Introduction: Decriminalizing the Landscape: Thugs and Poisoners
- A thug ‘‘family tree’’ (1836) [illustration]
- Thug depradations (1836) [map]
- Thugs giving a demonstration of their method of strangulation (1855) [photo]
- Captain William H. Sleeman, ‘‘The Ramaseeana, or Vocabulary of the Thug Language’’ (1839)
- Captain William H. Sleeman, Excerpts from The Thugs or Phansigars of India: History of the Rise and Progress (1839)
- Fanny Parks Parlby, ‘‘A Kutcherry or Kachahri’’ (1850)
- Philip Meadows Taylor, ‘‘Thugs’’ (1877)
- Philip Meadows Taylor, Excerpts from Confessions of a Thug (1837)
- Captain William H. Sleeman, ‘‘Thug Approvers’’ (1833–1835?)
VIII. Suttee/Sati
- Introduction: Sati/Suttee: Observances, Abolition, Observations
- Colonel Henry Yule and A. C. Burnell, ‘‘Suttee’’ [definition] (1903)
- Lord William Bentinck, ‘‘Bentinck’s Minute on Sati, 8 November 1892’’
- Sati Regulation xvii, a.d. 1829 of the Bengal Code, 4 December 1829
- ‘‘The Duties of a Faithful Widow,’’ from Digest of Hindi Law (n.d.)
- Raja Ram Mohan Roy, ‘‘Petitions and Addresses on the Practice of Suttee (1818–1831)’’
- G. W. F. Hegel, On Sati (1822)
- Charles Dickens, Death by Fire of Miss Havisham (1861)
- Jules Verne, ‘‘Fogg Rescues a Sati’’ (1873)
- Maspero Jingle [advertisement for Maspero Egyptian cigarettes]
- Ernest Renan, On Suttee (1893)
- Flora Annie Steel, ‘‘The Reformer’s Wife’’ (1933)
IX . The Indian Uprising/Sepoy Mutiny 1857–1858
- Introduction : The ‘‘Asiatic Mystery’’: The Sepoy Mutiny, Rebellion, or Revolt
- Chronology of Events
- Rulers and Rebels: Some Major Figures
- Excerpts from The Who’s Who of Indian Martyrs (1969–1973)
- ‘‘Portrait of Nana Sahib’’ [illustration]
- ‘‘Sepoys, 1757’’ (1890) [illustration]
- ‘‘Attack of the Mutineers on the Redan Battery at Lucknow, July 30, 1857’’ (n. d.) [illustration]
- ‘‘The Asiatic Mystery. As Prepared by Sepoy D’Israeli’’ (1857) [illustration]
- ‘‘Proclamation to the People of Oude on Its Annexation. February 1856’’
- ‘‘Sir Henry Lawrence’s Essay of 1843, Forecasting the Events of 1857’’
- Rani Lakshmi Bai (The Rani of Jhansi), ‘‘Letters of Rani Lakshmi Bai’’ (1853–1854)
- Title page from The Queen’s Desire (1893) [reproduction]
- Hume Nisbet, Preface and Excerpt from The Queen’s Desire: A Romance of the Indian Mutiny (1893)
- ‘‘The Ranee’s Death’’ (1893) [illustration]
- The King of Oude’s Manifesto from the Delhi Gazette, 29 September 1857
- Karl Marx, ‘‘The Revolt in India,’’ ‘‘The Indian Question,’’ ‘‘British Incomes in India,’’ and ‘‘The Annexation of Oude’’ (1857–1858)
- Colonel C. Chester, ‘‘Final Orders to the Musketry Schools’’ (1857)
- Selected Documents from John William Kaye’s The History of the Sepoy War in India, 1857–1858 (1880), including ‘‘The Chupatties’’ and ‘‘The Bone-Dust Story’’
- Act. No. XIV of 1857 (on the punishment of soldiers under Company rule) (1880)
- Charles Ball, ‘‘Summary Justice’’ (n.d.)
- ‘‘Justice’’ (1857) [illustration]
- Selected Correspondence of Queen Victoria (1857
- Anonymous, ‘‘How to Make an Indian Pickle’’ (1857)
- ‘‘The British Lion’s Vengeance on the Bengal Tiger’’ (1857) [illustration]
- Bholanauth-Chunder (attributed to), ‘‘The Punishment of Allahabad’’ (1857)
- ‘‘Pity for the Poor Sepoys!’’ (1857) [editorial letter]
- Reverend J. Johnson Walsh, Excerpts from A Memorial of the Futtehgurh Mission and Her Martyred Missionaries: With Some Remarks on the Mutiny in India (1859)
- ‘‘The Execution of ‘John Company’ ’’ (1857) [illustration]
- Anonymous, ‘‘England’s Great Mission to India’’ (1879)
- Henry Gilbert, ‘‘Doubts and Forebodings’’ (n.d.)
- Henry Gilbert, ‘‘What the Native Thought’’ (n.d.)
- Rudyard Kipling, ‘‘The Grave of the Hundred Head’’ (1899)
- Alfred Tennyson, ‘‘The Defence of Lucknow’’ (1879)
- Alfred Tennyson, ‘‘English War-Song’’ (n.d.)
- M. B. Synge, ‘‘The Indian Mutiny’’ (1908)
X. The Suez Canal: The Gala Opening
- Introduction: Spectacular Suez: The Opening Gala of the Suez Canal
- ‘‘Opening of the Suez Canal at Port Said: Presence of the Imperial and Royal Visitors’’ (1869) [illustration]
- ‘‘Opening of the Suez Canal: The Procession of Ships in the Canal’’ (1869) [illustration]
- Selected Correspondence of Giuseppe Verdi (1870)
- Baron Samuel Selig de Kusel, Excerpt from An Englishman’s Recollections of Egypt 1863 to 1887 (1915)
XI. The Suez Canal: The builder, Ferdinand de Lesseps
- Introduction: ‘‘The Master Builder’’ and His Designs: Ferdinand De Lesseps
- ‘‘Ferdinand De Lesseps Bestrides His Canal’’ (n.d.) [illustration]
- Chronology of Events
- Ferdinand De Lesseps, ‘‘Inquiry into the Opinions of the Commercial Classes of Great Britain on the Suez Ship Canal’’ (1857) [pamphlet]
- Ferdinand De Lesseps, Excerpts from The Suez Canal: Letters and Documents Descriptive of Its Rise and Progress in 1854–56 (1876)
- Charles Frederic Moberly Bell, Excerpt from From Pharaoh to Fellah (1888)
XII. The Suez Canal: The Canal and Its Consequences
- Introduction: The Battlefield of the Future: The Canal and Its Consequences
- ‘‘A Stretch of the Canal Is Hollowed Out / The Men Who Have Hollowed It’’ (n.d.) [illustration]
- ‘‘From the Great Pyramid. (A Bird’s-Eye View of the Canal and Its Consequences.)’’ (1869) [illustration]
- Anonymous, ‘‘Latest—From the Sphinx’’ (1869) [editorial poem]
- Anonymous, ‘‘The Sultan’s Complaint’’ (1869) [editorial poem]
- Ferdinand De Lesseps, ‘‘Report to His Highness the Viceroy of Egypt on the Fellah Workmen to be Employed by the International Suez Canal Company’’ (1856)
- "The Official Firman of Concession Granted by the Viceroy of Egypt Mohamed Said, to Ferdinand De Lesseps, 1854"
- ‘‘Charter of Concession and Book of Charges for the Construction and Working of the Suez Grand Maritime Canal and Dependencies’’ (1856)
- ‘‘Agreement of February 22, 1866, Determining the Final Terms as Ratified by the Sublime Porte’’
- Edward Dicey, ‘‘Why Not Purchase the Suez Canal?’’ (1883)
- Charles Royle, ‘‘De Lesseps and the Canal’’ (1900)
- D. A. Cameron, ‘‘The Suez Canal’’ (1898)
- ‘‘Mosé in Egitto!!!’’ (1875) [illustration]
- Lord Herbert Edward Cecil, ‘‘A Day on the Suez Canal (1905)’’ (1921)
- ‘‘The Lion’s Share’’ (1876) [illustration]
XIII. The Arabi Uprising
- Introduction: The Arabi Uprising: ‘‘Egypt for the Egyptians’’ or British Egypt
- Chronology of Events
- Important Figures
- ‘‘Hold On!’’ (1882) [illustration]
- ‘‘The Neddy of the Nile’’ (1882) [illustration]
- Bob McGee, ‘‘De War in Egypt’’ (1882)
- W. E. Gladstone, ‘‘Aggression on Egypt and Freedom in the East’’ (1887)
- Lord Cromer, ‘‘The Mutiny of the Egyptian Army’’ (1908)
- Arabi’s Appeal to Gladstone (1882)
- ‘‘Rioters at Alexandria’’ (1882) [illustration]
- ‘‘The Crisis in Egypt’’ (1882) [illustration]
- E. M. Forster, ‘‘The Bombardment of Alexandria (1882)’’ (with map)
- Wilfred Scawen Blunt, ‘‘The Arabi Trial’’ (1907)
- ‘‘The Sublime—‘Super!’ ’’ (1882) [illustration]
- Lady Gregory, Arabi and His Household (1882) [pamphlet]
XIV. Pilgrims, Travelers, and Tourists
- Introduction: Holy Lands and Secular Agendas
- Lady Duff Gordon, ‘‘Cairo Is the Real Arabian Nights’’ (1865)
- Richard F. Burton, ‘‘Suez’’ (1855)
- Stanley Lane-Poole, ‘‘The Two Cities’’ (1902)
- Charles M. Doughty, Excerpt from Travels in Arabia Deserta (1888)
- Itineraries from Programme of Arrangements for Visiting Egypt, the Nile, Sudan, Palestine, and Syria (1929–1930)
- ‘‘Egyptian Native Types’’ (n.d.) [illustration]