In the 1880s an oracle priest, Navosavakadua, mobilized Fijians of the hinterlands against the encroachment of both Fijian chiefs and British colonizers. British officials called the movement the Tuka cult, imagining it as a contagious superstition that had to be stopped. Navosavakadua and many of his followers, deemed "dangerous and disaffected natives," were exiled. Scholars have since made Tuka the standard example of the Pacific cargo cult, describing it as a millenarian movement in which dispossessed islanders sought Western goods by magical means. In this study of colonial and postcolonial Fiji, Martha Kaplan examines the effects of narratives made real and traces a complex history that began neither as a search for cargo, nor as a cult.
Engaging Fijian oral history and texts as well as colonial records, Kaplan resituates Tuka in the flow of indigenous Fijian history-making and rereads the archives for an ethnography of British colonizing power. Proposing neither unchanging indigenous culture nor the inevitable hegemony of colonial power, she describes the dialogic relationship between plural, contesting, and changing articulations of both Fijian and colonial culture.
A remarkable enthnographic account of power and meaning, Neither Cargo nor Cult addresses compelling questions within anthropological theory. It will attract a wide audience among those interested in colonial and postcolonial societies, ritual and religious movements, hegemony and resistance, and the Pacific Islands.
- CONTENTS
- List of Figures
- Preface: Neither Cargo nor Cult
- Acknowledgments
- 1 Introduction: Culture, History, and Colonialism
- 2 Embattled People of the Land: The Ra Social Landscape, 1840–1875
- 3 Navosavakadua as Priest of the Land
- 4 Colonial Constructions of Disorder: Navosavakadua as “Dangerous and Disaffected Native”
- 5 Navosavakadua’s Ritual Polity
- 6 Routinizing Articulating Systems: Jehovah and the People of the Land, 1891–1940
- 7 Narratives of Navosavakadua in the 1980s and 1990s
- 8 Navosavakadua among the Vatukaloko
- 9 Conclusion: Do Cults Exist? Do States Exist?
- Bibliography
- Index
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