Memory Activism and Digital Practices after Conflict

Memory Activism and Digital Practices after Conflict

Unwanted Memories

This book investigates the study of memory activism and memory of activism, emerging after conflict, as a political civic action. It examines the appearance and growth of memory activism in Serbia amid the legacies of unwanted memories of the wars of the 1990s, approaching the post-Yugoslav region as a region of memory and tracing the alternative calendars and alternative commemorative practices of memory activists as they have evolved over a period of more than two decades. By presenting in-depth accounts of memory activism practices, on-site and online, Memory Activism and Digital Practices after Conflict: Unwanted Memories analyses this evolution in the context of generational belonging and introduces frameworks for the study of #hashtag #memoryactivism, alternative commemorations and commemorative solidarity.
  • Cover
  • Table of Contents
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgements
  • Introduction
    • Memory Activism and Alternative Commemorative Practices after Conflict
    • Memory activism and memory of activism after conflict
    • Agentic activism: a positive turn in memory studies, a local turn in peace and conflict studies
    • Non-state commemorations: alternative commemorative events after conflict
    • Generational belonging in memory activism
    • Outline of the book
    • Bibliography
  • 1. Unwanted Memories of (the Wars of) the 1990s
    • Referencing the 1990s
    • The recent past is still present
    • Memory politics and public knowledge of the wars of the 1990s
    • The 1990s in the state calendar and state-sponsored commemorations
    • Memory activism after conflict: remembering the wars of the 1990s in Serbia
    • Bibliography
  • 2. ‘Not in My Name’
    • From Anti-War to Memory Activism: The First Generation
    • Memory activism as an extension of anti-war activism and the emergence of an alternative civic calendar
    • Commemorating Srebrenica in Belgrade: 10 July on the alternative calendar
    • Generational commemorative legacy
    • Bibliography
  • 3. ‘Too Young to Remember, Determined Never to Forget’
    • The Second Generation
    • A new generation, a new slogan
    • Continuity and change in the commemoration of Srebrenica in Belgrade
    • The burden of a silenced past: remembering the Suva Reka massacre and mass graves in Batajnica
    • Beyond annual commemorations: remembering Batajnica through alternative education and art
    • The Batajnica Memorial Initiative
    • Memory walks: marking and visiting sites of suppressed memory
    • Memory activism as protest: opposing the public glorification of war crimes
    • Bibliography
  • 4. Hashtag Memory Activism
    • Digital Memory Practices and Online Commemorations
    • #Hashtag #memoryactivism
    • #Sedamhiljada: from a hashtag to a banned commemoration
    • #NisuNašiHeroji: generational mnemonic claims and the post-Yugoslav space as a region of memory
    • #JesteSeDesilo: disseminating knowledge as an act of silence breaking
    • #WhiteArmbandDay: from local to regional and transnational memory activism
    • Bibliography
  • 5. Regions of Memory
    • The Post-Yugoslav Space as a Region of Memory Activism
    • Regions of memory and of memory activism
    • Regional cooperation as a ‘crowded playground’
    • Regional networks of joint action and joint claims
    • Remembering Yugoslavia and the anti-fascist struggle
    • Regional platforms for engagement with memories of the wars of the 1990s
    • Commemorative solidarity and the wars of the 1990s
    • Bibliography
  • Epilogue
    • Unwanted Pasts in an Unresolved Present
    • Bibliography
  • Appendices
    • Appendix 1 YIHR Transitional Justice Calendar
    • Appendix 2 March 2010 YIHR Announcement of ‘Action to commemorate crimes committed in Kosovo in March and April 1999’
    • Appendix 3 CPI Brochure: ‘Program of guided tours to places of “Suppressed memories”’
    • Appendix 4 Women’s Court Invitation to Hear Public Testimonies in Sarajevo, May 2015
  • Bibliography
  • Index
  • List of Figures
    • Figure 1 The divided Republic Square, 10 July 2009
    • Figure 2 The Women in Black-led commemoration on Republic Square on10 July (left); the commemoration in front of the National Assembly on11 July (right)
    • Figure 3 The Suva Reka commemoration on 26 March 2016
    • Figure 4 The street action on 26 March 2019 in Belgrade
    • Figure 5 Tweets by Dušan Mašić on 17 April 2015 (left), and on 18 April 2015 (right)with the hashtag #sedamhiljada
    • Figure 6 Graffiti that appeared in Belgrade after the #sedamhiljadacommemorative event was banned
    • Figure 7 The logo designed by Mirko Ilić for the #sedamhiljada campaign
    • Figure 8 Twitter post by YIHR Serbia, 10 December 2017
    • Figure 9 Image posted on the YIHR Facebook page, showing the #JesteSeDesilohashtag, with text announcing the launch of the War in Serbia website,1 June 2020
    • Figure 10 A Twitter post marking the 31 May 2017 online #WhiteArmbandDaycommemoration
    • Figure 11 A Twitter post sharing images of the 31 May 2017 onsite commemorationof White Armband Day in Prijedor, Bosnia and Herzegovina, using the
    • Figure 12 Drawing by Midhat Kapetanović of Vučko, Zagi, and the Pobednik (leftto right), posted on Instagram on 11 July 2020

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