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Colorado River Ecology and Dam Management

Colorado River Ecology and Dam Management

Proceedings of a Symposium May 24-25, 1990 Santa Fe, New Mexico

  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309045353
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309597722
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 1991
  • Month: January
  • Pages: 287
  • DDC: 577
  • Language: English

This book contains 11 papers that review the extant information about the Colorado River from an ecosystem perspective and serve as the basis for discussion of the use of ecosystem/earth science information for river management and dam operations. It also contains a synopsis of the committee's findings and recommendations to the Bureau of Reclamation as the agency seeks to change its direction to the management of natural resources.

  • Colorado River Ecology and Dam Management
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Acknowledgments
  • Committee Synopsis
    • FINDINGS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
      • Initiate Long-Term Research and Monitoring in the Grand Canyon
      • Ensure that Dam Operations Are Flexible
      • Seek Research Talent from the Academic Sector
      • Include the USGS on the Federal Executive Management Committee
      • Use an Ecosystem Approach to Grand Canyon Research
      • Revisit 1987 NRC Recommendations on the GCES
    • REFERENCES
  • 1 The Law and Politics of the Operation of Glen Canyon Dam
    • INTRODUCTION
    • HISTORY OF RIVER DEVELOPMENT
    • DIVIDING THE WATERS: THE ORIGINS OF THE LAW OF THE RIVER
      • Structure of the Compact
      • The Evolving Law of the River
    • DISTRIBUTING FEDERAL LARGESSE
    • THE NECESSITY FOR FURTHER ALLOCATIONS: SECURITY UNDERMINED BY CONFLICT
    • ACCOMMODATION OF NEW VALUES
      • Omitted Interests: Indians and Mexico
      • Accommodating Emerging Values
    • HOW SHALL THE COMPUTERS BE PROGRAMMED: MANAGING THE RIVER IN THE SHADOW OF THE LAW
    • CONCLUSION
    • REFERENCES
  • 2 The Role of Science in Natural Resource Management: The Case for the Colorado River
    • INTRODUCTION
    • THE STRENGTH OF SCIENCE
    • THE LIMITS OF SCIENCE
    • MANAGEMENT CHOICES
    • THE CASE FOR THE COLORADO RIVER
    • THE LONG-TERM INTERACTION BETWEEN SCIENCE AND MANAGEMENT
    • ECOSYSTEM SCIENCE
    • OPPORTUNITY FOR MANAGEMENT
    • LONG-TERM MONITORING AND SUSTAINED EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH IN MANAGEMENT TERMS
    • MANAGEMENT IN SCIENTIFIC TERMS
    • THE PRESENT STATE OF AFFAIRS
    • REFERENCES
  • 3 Hydrology of Glen Canyon and the Grand Canyon
    • INTRODUCTION-NATURAL FLOWS INTO LAKE POWELL
    • EARLY UNDERSTANDING OF COLORADO RIVER FLOWS
    • THE EARLY HEARINGS ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE LOWER COLORADO
    • UNCERTAINTY IN AVERAGE STREAMFLOW
    • EVAPORATION, BANK STORAGE, AND LAKE POWELL WATER BALANCE
    • RECONSTITUTED, NATURAL INFLOWS TO LAKE POWELL
    • GLEN CANYON AND THE RELEASE RULES
    • RELATIONSHIP OF SEDIMENT TRANSPORT TO STREAM FLOW IN THE CANYON
    • EFFECT OF OPERATION OF UPPER BASIN STATE RESERVOIRS ON GLEN CANYON AND THE GRAND CANYON
    • TRAVEL TIMES THROUGH THE GRAND CANYON
    • CONCLUSION
    • REFERENCES
  • 4 Sediment Transport in the Colorado River Basin
    • INTRODUCTION
    • HISTORICAL SAMPLING OF SEDIMENT CONCENTRATIONS
    • SOURCE AREAS OF RUNOFF AND SEDIMENT
    • EFFECTS OF RESERVOIR STORAGE ON SEDIMENT BALANCE IN SELECTED REACHES OF THE COLORADO RIVER
    • GREEN RIVER DOWNSTREAM FROM FLAMING GORGE RESERVOIR
    • COLORADO RIVER DOWNSTREAM FROM GLEN CANYON DAM
    • CONCLUSION
    • REFERENCES
  • 5 Limnology of Lake Powell and the Chemistry of the Colorado River
    • INTRODUCTION
    • MORPHOMETRY AND HYDRODYNAMICS OF LAKE POWELL
      • Glen Canyon Dam
      • Physical Features of the Reservoir
      • River Discharge and the Water Budget of Lake Powell
      • Seasonal Stratification
    • PARTICULATE AND DISSOLVED SOLIDS DYNAMICS
      • Suspended Sediment
      • Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Silica
      • Bioavailability of Particulate Phosphorus
      • Salinity
      • Heavy Metals and Other Pollutants
    • LAKE POWELL FOOD WEB
      • Phytoplankton
      • Zooplankton
      • Benthos
      • Fishes
      • Riparian Systems
    • INFLUENCE OF LAKE POWELL ON ENVIRONMENTS DOWNSTREAM
      • Lake Powell as a Heat and Materials Sink
      • Stream Regulation and the Manifestation of Serial Discontinuity
    • AN ECOSYSTEM APPROACH TO MANAGEMENT
    • REFERENCES
  • 6 Algal and Invertebrate Biota in the Colorado River: Comparison of Pre- and Post-Dam Conditions
    • INTRODUCTION
    • PREIMPOUNDMENT CONDITIONS
      • Algal Communities
      • Aquatic Invertebrates
    • POSTIMPOUNDMENT CONDITIONS
      • Algal Communities
    • AQUATIC INVERTEBRATE COMMUNITIES
      • Records of Intentional Stocking
      • Zooplankton
      • Macroinvertebrates
      • The Amphipod Gammarus Lacustris
      • Exotic and Unusual Species
    • MODIFICATIONS IN BIOTA DUE TO REGULATED FLOWS
      • Colorado River Studies Between Glen Canyon and Lake Mead
    • STUDIES ON OTHER REGULATED RIVERS
      • Plant Communities
      • Invertebrate Communities
    • RECOMMENDED RESEARCH
    • REFERENCES
  • 7 Native Fishes of the Grand Canyon Region: An Obituary?
    • INTRODUCTION
    • THE PRISTINE HABITAT
    • UNIQUENESS OF THE FISH FAUNA
    • HISTORIC REVIEW
      • Early Records and Surveys
    • EVIDENCES OF FAUNAL CHANGE
    • NATIVE FISHES
    • THE FISH COMMUNITY
    • REASONS FOR DISAPPEARANCE OF THE FAUNA
      • Nonbiological Changes
      • Biological Changes
    • DISCUSSION
      • Management Considerations
      • Politics of Conservation
    • CONCLUSION
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • APPENDIX I
      • Accounts of Species
        • Humpback Chub
        • Bonytail
        • Colorado Squawfish
        • Speckled Dace
        • Flannelmouth Sucker
        • Bluehead Sucker
        • Razorback Sucker
    • REFERENCES
  • 8 Historic Changes in Vegetation Along the Colorado River in the Grand Canyon
    • INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES
      • Objectives
    • HISTORY AND BACKGROUND OF BOTANICAL EXPLORATION ALONG THE COLORADO RIVER IN GRAND CANYON
    • PHOTOGRAPHY AND THE BOTANICAL RECORD
      • Recent Research and Plant Collections
    • DISCUSSION
    • PREDAM AND POSTDAM VEGETATIONAL COMMUNITIES
    • CLASSIFICATION OF DESERTS AND PLANT COMMUNITIES
    • THE COLORADO RIVER AS AN EXCEPTION TO RIPARIAN DESERTIFICATION
    • EARLY STUDIES AND IMPORTANCE OF RIPARIAN LANDS AS AVIAN HABITAT
    • IMPACTS OF FLOODING AND FIRE ON THE RIPARIAN ZONE
    • WOODY RIPARIAN SPECIES OF THE RIPARIAN ZONE
      • Nonnative Species
      • Native Species
    • HERBACEOUS RIPARIAN SPECIES
    • FLORA AND CHECKLISTS
    • FAUNA AND CHECKLISTS
      • Amphibians and Reptiles (Herps)
      • Birds
      • Mammals
    • THREATENED AND ENDANGERED (T & E), RARE, AND ENDEMIC SPECIES
      • Riparian
        • Endangered Species
    • AQUATIC
    • SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
    • ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
    • REFERENCES
    • APPENDIX A
  • 9 Reservoir Operations
    • INTRODUCTION
    • ANNUAL OPERATION WITH MONTHLY TIME STEPS
      • The USBR Reservoir Model
        • Modes of Operation for CRSS
      • Other Reservoir Models
      • Who Operates the Dam?
        • USBR Operating Plan
    • SHORT-TERM OPERATION OF THE DAM
    • WAPA MODELS OF INCREASED MINIMUM FLOWS
      • GCES I Model
    • OTHER RELATED WAPA REPORTS
      • Report on Impact of Alternative Interim Flows
      • Report on Cost of Research Flows
    • GCES ECONOMIC TEAM PROGRESS TO DATE
      • Ramping Rates
      • Flows in the Grand Canyon Relative to Dam Releases
      • Conclusions
    • REFERENCES
  • 10 A Brief History of the Glen Canyon Environmental Studies
    • INTRODUCTION
    • NATIONAL RESEACH COUNCIL INVOLVEMENT WITH THE GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES
    • APPLICATION OF SCIENCE AND RESEARCH TO MANAGEMENT
    • GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES-PHASE II
    • ECOSYSTEM APPROACH AND INTEGRATION OF THE NAS PHASE I CRITIQUE
    • DEVELOPMENT PROBLEMS FOR THE GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES PROGRAM
    • INTEGRATING THE GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES PROGRAM WITH THE GLEN CANYON DAM ENVIRONMENTAL IMP...
    • OPTIONS FOR THE FUTURE
    • THE CHALLENGES THA LAY AHEAD
    • SUMMARY AND CLOSURE
  • 11 Glen Canyon Environmental Studies Research Program: Past, Present and Future
    • BACKGROUND: GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES I, 1982-1987
    • DEVELOPMENT OF GLEN CANYON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES II RESEARCH PROGRAM
    • REVIEW OF GCES I BY THE NRC COMMITTEE
    • INITIAL INTEGRATION PHASE OF GCES II
    • DEVELOPMENT OF SHORT-TERM RESEARCH HYPOTHESES AND EXPERIMENTAL DESIGNS
    • DEVELOPMENT OF CONTROLLED RESEARCH DISCHARGES FROM GLEN CANYON DAM
    • DEVELOPMENT OF LONG-TERM RESEARCH AND MONITORING NEEDS
    • EXPANSION OF THE SHORT-TERM RESEARCH PROGRAM
    • LONG-TERM MONITORING
    • CONCLUSIONS
    • REFERENCES
  • 12 Closing Remarks
  • APPENDIXES
    • Appendix A Symposium Program
    • APPENDIX B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members
    • APPENDIX C Symposium Invitees
    • APPENDIX D Glen Canyon Environmental Studies Technical Reports and Related Documents

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