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Computer Chips and Paper Clips

Computer Chips and Paper Clips

Technology and Women's Employment, Volume I

  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309036887
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309594622
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 1986
  • Month: January
  • Pages: 237
  • Language: English

Drawing on the historical changes in five areas—the jobs of telephone operators, workers in the printing and publishing industries, information and data processors, retail clerks, and nurses—this volume offers a comprehensive examination of how microelectronics and telecommunications have affected women's work and their working environments and looks ahead to what can be expected for women workers in the next decade. It also offers perspectives on how workers can more easily adapt to the changing workplace and addresses the controversial topic of job insecurity as a result of an influx of advanced electronic systems.

  • Computer Chips and Paper Clips
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Volume II: Case Studies and Policy Perspectives
  • Preface
  • Acknowledgments
  • 1 Technological Change and Women Workers in the Office
    • TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
      • Information Technologies
        • Computers
          • Data-Entry Technologies
          • Storage and Processing
          • Output and Display Technologies
          • System Compatibility and Interconnection
        • Telecommunications
      • Social Context of Technological Change
      • Output and Employment: Trends and Interpretations
        • Output Measures
        • Employment Effects
          • Employment Levels
          • Employment Quality
    • WOMEN'S EMPLOYMENT
      • Overview
      • Why Technology May Affect Women Differentially
        • Job Segregation
        • Clerical Occupations
        • Differential Status and Access to on-the-Job Training
        • Differential Responsibility for Family Care
        • Conclusion
  • 2 Historical Patterns of Technological Change
    • THE TELEPHONE AND TELEPHONE OPERATORS
    • WORKERS IN PRINTING AND PUBLISHING
    • THE AUTOMATED OFFICE AND ITS WORKERS
      • Secretaries
      • Accountants and Bookkeepers
      • Insurance Clerks
      • Bank Tellers
    • RETAIL CLERKS
    • NURSING AND NURSES
    • CONCLUSIONS
  • 3 Effects of Technological Change: Employment Levels and Occupational Shifts
    • PROBLEMS IN EMPLOYMENT PROJECTIONS
      • Underlying Factors
      • Data Problems
    • THE SUPPLY OF WOMEN WORKERS
      • Labor Force Participation Rates
      • Projections of Labor Force Participation Rates
      • Projections of Age-Specific Rates
      • Other Features of Women's Labor Force Participation
      • Educational Attainment of the Labor Force
    • THE POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE
      • The Influence of Labor Supply
      • The Demand for Workers
      • Unemployment
    • RECENT TRENDS IN CLERICAL EMPLOYMENT
      • Overall Growth
      • Occupational Shifts within Clerical Work
      • Demographic Trends in Clerical Employment
      • Sources of Change in Clerical Work
    • OUTLOOK FOR CLERICAL EMPLOYMENT
      • Overall Growth
      • Occupational Shifts
      • Job Loss and Displaced Workers
    • CONCLUSION
  • 4 Effects of Technological Change: The Quality of Employment
    • EMPLOYMENT QUALITY
      • Defining Employment Quality
      • Workers' Satisfaction and Attitudes
      • Job Content: Job Fragmentation and the Deskilling Debate
        • Stages of Technology
        • Levels of Analysis
        • Conclusion
      • Working Conditions
        • Monitoring and Work Pacing
        • Telecommuting and the Electronic Distribution of Work
        • Ergonomics: The Fit Between People and Technology
      • Economic Considerations
      • Conclusion
    • IMPLEMENTING TECHNOLOGICAL CHANGE AND IMPROVING EMPLOYMENT QUALITY
      • The Role of Managers
        • The Dominance of Management
        • Women's Influence
        • The Role of Enlightened Management
        • Constraints on Managers
          • Economic Conditions
          • Organizational Culture and Behavior
          • Technological Constraints
          • Constituent Conflicts and Value Contradictions
      • The Role of Workers
        • Worker Participation in Technology Design and Implementation
        • The Effectiveness of Worker Participation
        • Organized Worker Involvement
      • Conclusion
  • 5 Conclusions and Recommendations
    • SUMMARY
    • EDUCATION, TRAINING, AND RETRAINING
    • EMPLOYMENT SECURITY AND FLEXIBILITY
    • EXPANSION OF WOMEN'S JOB OPPORTUNITIES
    • ADAPTIVE JOB TRANSITIONS
    • IDENTIFICATION AND DISSEMINATION OF GOOD TECHNOLOGICAL DESIGN AND PRACTICE
    • WORKER PARTICIPATION
    • MONITORING HEALTH CONCERNS
    • DATA AND RESEARCH NEEDS
    • EPILOGUE
  • References
  • Biographical Sketches of Panel Members and Staff
  • Index

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  • Loan duration: 21 days
  • Format: PDF

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