Authoritative, evidence-based guidance about the most effective ways to deliver preventive services. Designed to accompany the Bright Futures Guidelines for Health Supervision of Infants, Children, and Adolescents, Third Edition, this manual provides authoritative, evidence-based guidance about the most effective ways to deliver preventive services. Ideal for pediatric practice professionals, and as a teaching tool for medical students, residents, and all health professionals who provide well child care. Nationally renowned experts reviewed the scientific medical literature and authored the content which is organized into 4 main sections: History, Observation, and Surveillance / Physical Exam / Screening / Anticipatory Guidance.
- Cover
- PERFORMING PREVENTIVE SERVICES: A Bright Futures Handbook
- EDITORS
- Copyright © 2010 American Academy of Pediatrics
- CONTENTS
- CONTRIBUTORS
- FOREWORD
- PRIORITIES IN WELL-CHILD CARE
- Making the Most of the Well-Child CareVisit
- What About Evidence?
- Changing the Structure of Well-ChildCare
- Box 1. Outcomes of Well-Child Care at Age 5
- HISTORY, OBSERVATION, AND SURVEILLANCE
- CHILD AND ADOLESCENT DEPRESSION
- What Is Childhood and Adolescent Depression?
- Common Signs and Symptoms in School-Aged Children
- Common Signs and Symptoms
- Why Is It Important to Include Childhood and Adolescent Depression in History, Observation, and Surveillance
- Should You Screen for Depression?
- How Should You Perform a Depression Screening?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- Resources
- Interview Tools
- Web Sites
- DEVELOPMENTAL STRENGTHS
- Promote Strengths
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- DISRUPTIVE BEHAVIOR DISORDERS
- Why Is It Important to Include Disruptive Disorders in History, Observation, and Surveillance?
- How Should You Conduct Surveillanceand Screening for Disruptive Disorders?
- What Should You Do With an AbnormalResult?
- Resources
- Broad-band Screening Scales and Tools
- Web Sites
- INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE
- When Should You Conduct IPV Surveillance and Screening?
- How Should You Conduct IPV Surveillance and Screening?
- Screening Questions for IPV
- What Should You Do if You Identify IPV?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Sample Screening Card
- Stalking
- Resources
- Web Sites for National Organizations
- Web Sites for Victims
- MATERNAL DEPRESSION
- What Is Maternal Depression?
- How Should You Screen?
- What Should You Do With an AbnormalResult?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- Depression Screening Tools
- Web Sites
- PARENTAL HEALTH LITERACY
- Should You Assess (Surveillance) and/or Screen Parents for Health Literacy?
- Informal Literacy Screening
- Formal Literacy Screening
- What Should You Do to Address Low Literacy?
- Screening Tests
- Resources
- TOBACCO DEPENDENCE
- Why Is It Important to Include Tobacco Dependence in History, Observation, and Surveillance?
- How Should You Screen for Tobacco Dependence?
- The Hooked on Nicotine Checklist
- Interpreting HONC Results
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- PHYSICAL EXAMINATION
- ASSESSING GROWTH AND NUTRITION
- Why Is It Important to Assess Growth and Nutrition During the Physical Examination?
- How Should You Take These Measurements?
- Measure Stature (Length or Height)
- Measure Weight
- Measure Head Circumference
- Head Circumference
- What Results Should You Document?
- BLOOD PRESSURE
- Why Is It Important to Assess Blood Pressure During the Physical Examination?
- How Is Hypertension Defined in Children and Adolescents?
- When and How Should You Measure Blood Pressure?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- Blood Pressure Levels for Boys by Age and Height Percentile
- EARLY CHILDHOOD CARIES
- What Is Early Childhood Caries?
- Why Is It Important to Assess for ECC During the Physical Examination?
- How Should You Perform an Early Childhood Caries Examination (“Knee to Knee Oral Examination”)?
- Table 1. Dietary Fluoride Supplementation Schedule
- What Should You Do With the Results?
- Tools
- FLUORIDE VARNISH APPLICATION TIPS
- Figure 1. States With Medicaid Funding for Physician Oral Health Screening and Fluoride Varnish
- Resources Suppliers of fluoride varnish
- INTOEING AND OUTTOEING
- Why Is It Important to Assess Orthopedic Issues During the Physical Examination?
- How Should You Perform TheseExaminations?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- SEXUAL MATURITY STAGES
- Why Is It Important to Assess Sexual Maturity Stages During the Physical Examination?
- Girls: Median Age of Transition to Tanner Stages by Race/Ethnicity
- Boys: Median Age of Transition to Tanner Stages by Race/Ethnicity
- What Are the Stages of Sexual Maturity?
- Pubic Hair: Male and Female
- Breasts: Females
- Genitals: Males
- How Should You Perform Sexual Maturity Staging?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- SPINE, HIP, AND KNEE
- Why Is It Important to Assess Spine, Hip, and Knee During the Physical Examination?
- How Should You Perform ThisExamination?
- Perform a Hip Examination
- Perform a Knee Examination
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- SPORTS PARTICIPATION
- How Should You Perform a Sports Physical Examination?
- Perform a Cardiac History and Examination
- Perform a Musculoskeletal History and Examination
- Perform a Neurologic History and Examination
- Perform Eye and Kidney Histories and Examinations
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- SCREENING
- ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USEAND ABUSE
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Adolescent Alcohol and Substance Use?
- When Should You Evaluate an Adolescent’s Alcohol or Substance Use?
- How Should You Evaluate an Adolescent’s Alcohol or Substance Use?
- Box 1. The CRAFFT Screening Interview
- Table 2. The CRAFFT Screening Interview Scoring Instructions: For Clinic Staff Use Only
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- Deliver a Therapeutic Intervention
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Results Should We Document?
- Resources
- CERVICAL DYSPLASIA
- Why Is It Important to Screen for CervicalDysplasia?
- What Is the Relationship Between Cervical Cancer and HPV?
- When Should You Screen for Cervical Dysplasia?
- How Should You Perform Cervical Dysplasia Screening?
- Management of Adolescent Women with Either Atypical Squamous Cells of Undetermined Significance (ASC-US) or Low-grade Squamous Intraepithelial Lesion (LSIL)
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- Web Sites for Health Professionals
- DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Developmental and Behavioral Disabilities?
- When and With Whom Should YouPerform a Developmental-BehavioralScreen?
- What Should You Do With an AbnormalResult?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- Resources
- Evidence-based Screening and Surveillance Measures
- Web Sites
- HEARING
- What Is Hearing Loss?
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Hearing Loss?
- How Should You Screen for Hearing Loss?
- Types of procedures
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- CPT and CD-9-CM Codes
- Resources
- IMMUNIZATIONS, NEWBORNSCREENING, AND CAPILLARYBLOOD TESTS
- Why Are Immunizations and Screening Blood Tests Important?
- How Should You Perform These Procedures?
- Figure 1. - How to Administer Subcutaneous (SC) Injections
- Figure 2. - How to Administer Intramuscular (IM) Injections
- Newborn Screening
- Anemia and Lead Screening
- Lead Risk
- Tuberculosis Screening
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- Newborn Metabolic and Hemoglobinopathy Screen
- Lead or Anemia Screening
- Tuberculosis Exposure Screening
- Table 1. Fifth Percentile Cutoffs for Various Measures of Iron Deficiency in Childhood
- What Results Should We Document?
- ICD-9-CM and CPT Codes
- Resources
- Web Sites
- Administering Vaccines: Dose, Route, Site, and Needle Size
- SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Sexually Transmitted Infections?
- How Should You Perform STI Screening?
- What Should We Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- Web Sites for Health Professionals
- Web Sites for Adolescents and Parents
- VISION
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Vision Problems?
- When Should You Perform Vision Screening?
- How Should You Perform Vision Screening?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- ANTICIPATORY GUIDANCE
- BICYCLE HELMETS
- Why Is It Important to Include Bicycle Helmets in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Should You Provide Anticipatory Guidance About Bicycle Helmets?
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide if You Encounter Resistance to Helmet Use?
- What Results Should You Document?
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- Resources
- CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND MEDIA
- Why Is It Important to Include Media Usage in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Should You Screen for Media Usage?
- How Should You Screen for Media Usage?
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide Regarding Media Usage?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK OF OBESITY
- What Is Metabolic Syndrome?
- Why Is It Important to Include Metabolic Syndrome in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Should You Determine Whethera Child Is at Risk for Cardiometabolic Abnormalities of Excess Weight?
- Table 1. Lipid and Lipoprotein in Distribution in Subjects Aged 5 to 18 Years
- Table 2. Waist Circumference (cm)Cutoffs for Males and Females for> 50th and > 90th and for Age/GenderSpecific High-Normal Values ThatCorrelate to Adult Cut Offs
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should We Document?
- Resources
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING
- What Is Motivational Interviewing?
- Why Is It Important to Use Motivational Interviewing in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Do You Do Motivational Interviewing?
- Importance and Confidence Scale
- What Results Should You Document?
- Counseling and/or Risk-Factor Reduction Intervention Codes
- Resources
- TOBACCO SMOKE EXPOSURE AND TOBACCO USE CESSATION
- Why Is It Important to Include Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Tobacco Use Cessation in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Table 1. Nicotine Replacement Options
- How Should You Screen and Counsel forTobacco Use Cessation?
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Should You Do When You IdentifyTobacco Smoke Exposure or Use?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- WEIGHT MAINTENANCE AND WEIGHT LOSS
- Why Is It Important to Include Weight Maintenance and Weight Loss in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Should You Screen/Assess for Overweight or Obesity?
- How Should You Screen/Assess for Overweight and Obesity?
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide if You Find Abnormal
- Figure 3. Prescription for Healthy Active Living
- Resources
- Preparticipation Physical Evaluation
- History Form
- The Athlete with Special Needs: Supplemental History Form
- Physical Examination Form
- Clearance Form
- SCREENING
- ADOLESCENT ALCOHOL AND SUBSTANCE USE AND ABUSE
- When Should You Evaluate an Adolescent’s Alcohol or Substance Use?
- How Should You Evaluate an Adolescent’s Alcohol or Substance Use?
- Box 1. The CRAFFT Screening Interview
- Table 2. The CRAFFT Screening Interview Scoring Instructions: For Clinic Staff Use Only
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- Deliver a Therapeutic Intervention
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Results Should We Document?
- Resources
- CERVICAL DYSPLASIA
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Cervical Dysplasia?
- What Is the Relationship Between Cervical Cancer and HPV?
- When Should You Screen for Cervical Dysplasia?
- How Should You Perform Cervical Dysplasia Screening?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Results Should We Document?
- Resources
- DEVELOPMENTAL AND BEHAVIORAL CONSIDERATIONS
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Developmental and Behavioral Disabilities?
- When and With Whom Should You Perform a Developmental-Behavioral Screen?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Results and Referrals Should You Document?
- Resources
- Evidence-based Screening and Surveillance Measures
- HEARING
- What Is Hearing Loss?
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Hearing Loss?
- How Should You Screen for Hearing Loss?
- Figure 1.
- Figure 2
- Screening for Hearing Loss in Toddlers and Young Children
- Figure 3
- Figure 4: Puretone Audiometry (RE: ANSI 1996) Frequency (Hz)
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- IMMUNIZATIONS, NEWBORN SCREENING, AND CAPILLARY BLOOD TESTS
- Why Are Immunizations and ScreeningBlood Tests Important?
- How Should You Perform These Procedures?
- Figure 1: How to Administer Subcutaneous (SC) Injections
- Figure 2: How to Administer Intramuscular (IM) Injections
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- Table 1: Fifth Percentile Cutoffs for Various Measures of Iron Deficiency
- What Results Should We Document?
- ICD-9-CM and CPT Codes
- Resources
- Administering Vaccines: Dose, Route, Site, and Needle Size
- SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTIONS
- Why Is It Important to Screen forSexually Transmitted Infections?
- How Should You Perform STI Screening?
- What Should We Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- VISION
- Why Is It Important to Screen for Vision Problems?
- When Should You Perform Vision Screening?
- How Should You Perform Vision Screening?
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should You Document?
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- Resources
- ANTICIPATORY GUIDANCE
- BICYCLE HELMETS
- Why Is It Important to Include Bicycle Helmets in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Should You Provide AnticipatoryGuidance About Bicycle Helmets?
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide if You Encounter Resistance to Helmet Use?
- What Results Should You Document?
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- Resources
- CHILDREN, ADOLESCENTS, AND MEDIA
- Why Is It Important to Include Media Usage in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Should You Screen for Media Usage?
- Resources
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide Regarding Media Usage?
- Resources
- CARDIOMETABOLIC RISK OF OBESITY
- What Is Metabolic Syndrome?
- Why Is It Important to Include Metabolic Syndrome in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Should You Determine Whether a Child Is at Risk for Cardiometabolic Abnormalities of Excess Weight?
- Table 1: Lipid and Lipoprotein in Distribution in Subjects Aged 5 to 18 Years
- Table 2. Waist Circumference (cm) Cutoffs for Males and Females for> 50th and > 90th and for Age/Gender Specific High-Normal Values That Correlate to Adult Cut Offs Males Females
- What Should You Do With an Abnormal Result?
- What Results Should We Document?
- Resources
- ICD-9-CM Codes
- MOTIVATIONAL INTERVIEWING
- What Is Motivational Interviewing?
- Why Is It Important to Use Motivational Interviewing in Anticipatory Guidance?
- How Do You Do Motivational Interviewing?
- Counseling and/or Risk-Factor Reduction Intervention Codes
- CPT Codes
- TOBACCO SMOKE EXPOSURE AND TOBACCO USE CESSATION
- Why Is It Important to Include Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Tobacco Use Cessation in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Table 1. Nicotine Replacement Options
- CPT and ICD-9-CM Codes
- What Should You Do When You Identify Tobacco Smoke Exposure or Use?
- What Results Should You Document?
- Resources
- WEIGHT MAINTENANCE AND WEIGHT LOSS
- Why Is It Important to Include Weight Maintenance and Weight Loss in Anticipatory Guidance?
- Figure 1: BMI percentiles by age and gender
- Figure 2: Race/ Ethnic Prevalence of Obesity
- Should You Screen/Assess for Overweight or Obesity?
- What Anticipatory Guidance Should You Provide if You Find Abnormal Results?
- Figure 3. Prescription for Healthy Active Living
- Resources
- Index
- Back Cover
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