Though they speak several different languages and organize themselves into many distinct tribes, the Native American peoples of the Southeast share a complex ancient culture and a tumultuous history. This volume examines and synthesizes their history through each of its integral phases: the complex and elaborate societies that emerged and flourished in the Pre-Columbian period; the triple curse of disease, economic dependency, and political instability brought by the European invasion; the role of Native Americans in the inter-colonial struggles for control of the region; the removal of the "Five Civilized Tribes" to Oklahoma; the challenges and adaptations of the post-removal period; and the creativity and persistence of those who remained in the Southeast.
- Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Maps
- Part I: History and Culture
- Chapter 1. Writing About Native Southerners
- Archaeology
- Documentary Evidence
- Ethnographic Research
- Oral Traditions
- Interpreting Native American History and Culture
- Ethnohistory
- Chapter 2. Native Southerners
- Origins
- Paleo-Indians
- Archaic
- Woodland
- Mississippian
- Chapter 3. The European Invasion
- The Conquistadores
- Depopulation
- A New World in the Southeast
- Chapter 4. Native Peoples and Colonial Empires
- Spain
- England
- France
- Imperial Wars
- Chapter 5. “Civilization” and Removal
- Conquered Nations
- “Civilization”
- The Creek War and the Crisis in Indian Affairs
- Tribal Sovereignty and Political Centralization
- Removal
- Chapter 6. Native Southerners in the West
- Settling in the West
- Civil War and Reconstruction
- Economic Development
- Politics and Government
- Territorialization and Allotment
- Twentieth Century
- Chapter 7. Those Who Remained
- Remnants
- Nations Not Removed
- Recognition
- Images
- Part II. People, Places, and Events, A to Z
- Part III. Chronology
- Part IV. Resources
- 1. Indian Tribes
- 2. Bibliographies and Finding Aids
- 3. Published Primary Sources
- 4. Oral Traditions
- 5. Archaeological Studies
- 6. General Works
- 7. Alabama-Coushattas, Caddoes, and Chitimachas
- 8. Apalachees, Timucuas, and Calusas
- 9. Catawbas
- 10. Cherokees
- 11. Chickasaws
- 12. Choctaws
- 13. Creeks
- 14. Lumbees
- 15. Powhatans
- 16. Seminoles and Miccosukees
- 17. Selected Fiction
- 18. Films
- 19. Museums and Sites
- 20. Internet Resources
- Index