This book brings together the insights of theories of management and marketing to give an original view of the organizational dynamics of globalizing Asian New Religious Movements (NRMs) and established religions. Seventeen authors in this collection have recast their data on individual Asian religions and social movements to focus on the way these organizations are managed in an overseas or global context, by examining the structure, organizational culture, management style, leadership principles and marketing strategies of the religious movements they had hitherto studied from the perspective of the sociology of religion, or religious studies. The book examines strategies for global proselytization and outcomes in a variety of local ethnographic contexts, thus contributing to the scholarly work on the ‘glocalization’ of religions.
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Preface
- 1. Introduction
- Wendy Smith, Hirochika Nakamaki, Louella Matsunaga, and Tamasin Ramsay
- Section 1. Theoretical Approaches
- 2. Globalization and the Marketing Strategies of Japanese New Religions Abroad with Special Reference to Brazil, Africa and Thailand
- 3. A Management Perspective on the Mission Strategies and Global Organizational Structure of the Unification Church
- Section 2. Empirical Investigations: East Asian Religions
- 4. Post-War Peace Movements
- The Historical Background of National and International Religious Cooperation
- 5. The Development of Japanese New Religions in Korea
- The Case of the Church of World Messianity
- 6. Falun Gong in Song and Dance
- Section 3. Empirical Investigations: Southeast and South Asian Religions
- 7. Asian NRMs Are Not All Success Stories
- The Demise of the Global Dream of Malaysia’s Arqam
- 8. The Propogation of Thai Theravada Buddhism Overseas
- The Case of the Dhammakaya Temple
- 9. Contextualizing the Global
- Marketing Pentecostal/Charismatic Christianity in Malaysia and Indonesia
- 10. Spreading Soul Consciousness
- Managing and Extending the Global Reach of the Brahma Kumaris World Spiritual University
- Wendy Smith and Tamasin Ramsay
- Section 4. Empirical Investigations: Japanese Religions in Europe and the Americas
- 11. Shin Buddhism (Jōdo Shinshū) in Europe
- 12. The Eastward Transmission of Buddhism across the Pacific
- The Development of Japanese Buddhist Missions in Hawaii and Mainland United States
- 13. The Management and Marketing of Tenrikyō in its Strategy of Global Expansion
- 14. Transnationalization of Japanese Religions in a Globalized World
- Perspectives from Case Studies in Brazil
- 15. The Significance of Sacred Places in the Proselytization of NRMs
- Guarapiranga, a Sacred Place of the Church of World Messianity of Brazil
- 16. Habitat Segregation and Epidemicalization of Japanese Religions in the Americas
- Section 5. Future Perspectives: Globalizing New Religions in a Postmodern World
- 17. Modern New Religions’ Responses to Globalization in a Post-Modern World
- Index
- List of Figures and Tables
- Figures
- Figure 3.1 Resources of initial stage of denominational formation of the Unification Church
- Figure 3.2 The five competitive factors in religious markets in Japan and Korea
- Figure 3.3 District organizational chart showing the centralized administrative framework of the Unification Church
- Figure 3.4 Organizational chart of the business section of the Unification Church
- Figure 3.5 The relative positions of nations according to strategic importance and local competition
- Figure 3.6 Growth model of the Unification Church
- Figure 8.1 Layers of Theravada Buddhism
- Figure 9.1 Map of Indonesia
- Figure 9.2 Map of Sarawak, Malaysia showing Limbang and Baram Districts
- Figure 10.1 The Kalpa Tree incorporating all other religions
- Figure 10.2 A ‘Double Foreigner’ wearing traditional BK Hindu clothing
- Figure 10.3 A typical toli gift box with slogan and symbol of Shiv Baba
- Figure 10.4 Brahma Kumaris organizational structure (pre-2007)
- Figure 10.5 Demonstrating the integration of the spiritual and the administrative in the global management of the Brahma Kumaris
- Figure 10.6 Brahma Kumaris Australia indicative management structure 2017
- Figure 11.1 Ekō-ji [Eko-Haus], Düsseldorf, Germany
- Figure 15.1 Brazilian Messianity members administering jōrei
- Figure 15.2 Guarapiranga, the sacred place of Messianity in Brazil, 1995
- Figure 15.3 The Road to Paradise
- Figure 15.4 The Shrine and the 71-metre Tower of Light at Guarapiranga
- Figure 15.5 The Three Shrines at Guarapiranga, important objects of worship
- Figure 16.1 A religious model of the nikkei [Japanese] community in São Paulo, Brazil
- Tables
- Table 3.1 David O. Moberg’s theory of congregational development
- Table 3.2 Kiyomi Morioka’s congregational development model
- Table 3.3 Related organizations of the Unification Church (representative examples only)
- Table 12.1 Launching of missionary activities in Hawaii
- Table 12.2 The pattern of mission formations
- Table 12.3 The establishment of the first Buddhist missions in mainland USA
- Table 12.4 The number of Japanese language schools in California
- Table 12.5 The Buddhist missions and Japanese language schools in California
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