Early Modern Maternities in the Iberian Atlantic is the first volume to emphasize women’s personal experiences and their life trajectories as mothers within the Peninsula and across the Atlantic. Although an official discourse that defined the conditions of motherhood emerged in the eighteenth century, before this period there were many different articulations of motherhood through which women negotiated hierarchical relationships, power struggles and alliances. While the individual experiences were unique and depended upon the positionality of race and class, the complexities of being a mother were universal. The wide variety of written and visual documents included in this volume highlight women’s voices in the first person along with more subtle references to motherhood as well as silences. This collection broadens our understanding of the complexities of motherhood, addressing the pressures of becoming a mother, miscarriage, the acts of giving birth and lactation and the ordeals of raising children.
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
- Emily Colbert Cairns and Nieves Romero-Díaz
- I. Defining Maternity
- 1. ‘Services for Which I Expect to be Compensated’: Mothering as a Salaried Labor in the Late Medieval Crown of Aragon
- 2. Noble Maternity in Castile, 1400–1650
- 3. Maternity in the Portraits of Spanish Queens: Mariana of Habsburg
- 4. The Stains of the Mother: Indian Mothers and Mestizo Children in Early Colonial Peru
- II. Becoming Pregnant and Giving Birth
- 5. “Urinating on Lettuce and Throwing Your Hands Up”: Infertility in Early Modern Spain
- 6. Motherhood and Gender: When the Queen Has Only Daughters—The Case of Mariana Victoria de Bourbon
(1718–81)
- 7. ‘Para retener la criatura’: Miscarriage in Early Modern Spain
- 8. Maternal Bodies and Fertile Letters: The Politics of Motherhood Networking in Estefania de Requesens’ Correspondence
- III. Daily Living Motherhood
- 9. Motherhood and the Early Modern Woman Artist
- Catherine Hall-van den Elsen
- 10. Casa de Niños Expósitos: The Substitute Mother in Colonial Mexico
- Yolopattli Hernández-Torres
- 11. Cruel or Prudent Mothers? Troubled Relationships, Disobedient Daughters, and Social Risk (Eighteenth-Century Barcelona)
- Mariela Fargas Peñarrocha
- Afterword
- List of Contributors (in alphabetical order)
- Index
- List of Illustrations
- Fig. 3.1 Frans Luycks, Doña Mariana de Austria, oil on canvas, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid (España). @ Collection of the Prado Museum.
- Fig. 3.2 Frans Luycks, Doña Mariana de Austria c. 1646–47, oil on canvas, Museo Nacional del Prado, Madrid (España). @ Collection of the Prado Museum.
- Fig. 3.3 Unknown, Natividad, Santa Cruz Museum (Toledo, Spain)
- Fig. 3.4 Diego de Velázquez’s Workshop, Doña Mariana de Austria orante, c. 1658–60, oil on canvas, Patrimonio Nacional, Monasterio del Escorial (España). With permission of the Monasterio del Escorial.
- Fig. 3.5 Diego de Velázquez’s Workshop, Doña Mariana de Austria, 1655–61, oil on canvas, Kunsthistorischemuseum, Vienna (Austria). ©KHM-Museumsverband.
- Fig. 4.1 “The Royal Administrator and His Lieutenant Make Their Nightly Rounds” (“El coregidor i padre, teniente anda rrondando y mirando la güergüenza de las mugeres”), Guaman Poma, Nueva corónica y buen gobierno, p. 507. With the permission of The Royal
- Fig. 4.2 “Bad Confessions” (“La mala confición”) Guaman Poma, Nueva corónica y buen gobierno, p. 590. With the permission of The Royal Library of Denmark. https://poma.kb.dk/permalink/2006/poma/590/en.
- Fig. 5.1 Luis Lobera de Ávila, Vanquete de nobles caualleros e modo de biuir desde que se leuantan hasta q[ue] se acuestan (Ausburg: Heinrich Steiner, 1530), folio 30r. Image from the collections of the Biblioteca Nacional de España.
- Fig. 5.2 Eucharius Rosslin, Der Swangern Frauwen und Hebammen Rosengarten (Strassburg: Martinus Flach, 1513), folio 3. By permission of the Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek.
- Fig. 5.3 Eucharius Rosslin, Der Swangern Frauwen und Hebammen Rosengarten (Strassburg: Martinus Flach, 1513), folio 17. By permission of the Osterreichische Nationalbibliothek.
- Fig. 5.4 Francisco Nuñez, Libro intitulado del parto humano en cual se contienen remedios (Alcalá de Henares, 1580), 36v. With permission from UCM Biblioteca Complutense Fondo Histórico.
- Fig. 5.5 Fernando Yáñez de la Almedina, Saint Anne, The Virgin, Saint Elizabeth, Saint John and the Christ Child, 1525–35. Oil on Panel. @ The Prado Museum, Madrid, España.
- Fig. 9.1 Ana Heylan, Frontispiece Defensa en Derecho por la immaculada concepzion de la Virgen Santísima 1652. Universidad de Sevilla. Creative Common.
- Fig. 9.2 María Eugenia de Beer, Ilchiu. Cuaderno de aves para el Príncipe (c.1637–39). Colección Banco de España.
- Fig. 9.3 María Eugenia de Beer, Portrait of Prince Baltasar Carlos, Exercicios de la gineta (1643) frontispiece. Real Biblioteca de España in Madrid.
- Fig. 9.4 Luisa Roldán, Virgin and Child with St John the Baptist. Valladolid, Museo Nacional de Escultura. Photograph by Javier Muñoz y Paz Pastor, CE 2966/001.
- Fig. 9.5 Luisa Rafaela Valdés. Four emblems from Fiestas de la S. Iglesia Metropolitana, y Patriarcal de Sevilla al nuevo culto del señor rey S. Fernando (Sevilla: En casa de la Viuda de Nicolás Rodriguez, 1671), p. 50. Image from the Biblioteca Nacional
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