Wind-driven power systems represent a renewable energy technology. Arrays of interconnected wind turbines can convert power carried by the wind into electricity. This book defines a research and development agenda for the U.S. Department of Energy's wind energy program in hopes of improving the performance of this emerging technology.
- ASSESSMENT OF RESEARCH NEEDS FOR WIND TURBINE ROTOR MATERIALS TECHNOLOGY
- Copyright
- PREFACE
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
- MATERIALS
- DESIGN
- MANUFACTURING
- 1 INTRODUCTION
- SCOPE AND CONTENT
- WIND-DRIVEN POWER PLANTS
- WHY MATERIALS KNOWLEDGE IS CRITICAL
- THE EVOLUTION OF WIND-DRIVEN POWER PLANTS
- THE PRINCIPAL COMPONENT: WIND TURBINES
- POWER CONVERSION EQUATIONS
- THE WIND ENVIRONMENT
- FATIGUE CYCLE ACCUMULATION
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 2 STRUCTURAL LOADING CHARACTERISTICS
- LOAD CHARACTERIZATION
- BLADE FAILURE EXPERIENCE
- LESSONS FROM HELICOPTER EXPERIENCE
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 3 MATERIALS PROPERTIES AND LIFE PREDICTION
- FIBERS
- MATRIX MATERIALS
- E-GLASS/PLASTIC COMPOSITES
- FATIGUE LIFE PREDICTION
- TOUGHNESS CONSIDERATIONS
- WOOD/EPOXY COMPOSITES
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 4 WIND TURBINE ROTOR DESIGN ISSUES
- AIRFOIL EVOLUTION
- AERODYNAMIC TIP BRAKES
- BLADE ROOT RETENTION
- Glass-Reinforced Plastic (Grp) Blade Roots
- WOOD/EPOXY BLADE ROOTS
- BLADE JOINING
- BLADE DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
- Fiberglass Blades
- Wood/Epoxy Blades
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 5 MANUFACTURING PROCESSES FOR ROTOR BLADES
- CURRENT MANUFACTURING PROCESSES
- Blade Root End Concepts
- Manufacturing Methods Influence Blade Life
- Matrix Stress Versus Fatigue
- HELICOPTER ROTOR BLADE DESIGN AND PROCESSING
- MANUFACTURING PROCESSES APPLICABLE TO WIND TURBINE BLADES
- Resin Transfer Molding (RTM)
- Pultrusion
- Fiber Placement
- ROOT END DESIGN FOR PRODUCIBILITY
- MANUFACTURING RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 6 ACTIVE CONTROL IN WIND TURBINES
- THE CONTROL PROBLEM FOR WIND TURBINES
- RECENT TRENDS IN CONTROL SYSTEM THEORY
- EXISTING CONTROL TECHNOLOGY FOR WIND TURBINES
- ROLE OF CONTROL TECHNOLOGY IN THE WIND POWER INDUSTRY
- REFERENCES AND BIBLIOGRAPHY
- 7 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- CONCLUSIONS
- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
- APPENDIX A STATEMENT OF TASK
- OBJECTIVES
- TASKS TO BE PERFORMED
- ASSESSMENT OUTCOME
- APPENDIX B COMMITTEE MEETINGS AND ACTIVITIES