Watershed Research in the U.S. Geological Survey

Watershed Research in the U.S. Geological Survey

  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309057394
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309590341
  • eISBN Epub: 9780309174824
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 1997
  • Month: April
  • Pages: 97
  • Language: English

Watershed research is conducted by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) to expand our understanding of basic hydrologic mechanisms and their responses at the watershed scale and to provide information that serves as the basis for water and environmental management activities carried out largely by other governmental and private entities. The work of the USGS in this area is carried out by its Water Resources Division and occurs in three general program areas: basic research, regional and site assessments, and data collection. These activities are becoming increasingly important, especially in the context of water and environmental management, where contemporary problems are being approached more than ever on an integrated ecosystems or watershed basis and where the underlying physical, chemical, and biological science is complex.

Although the value of this type of hydrologic research is well recognized within the USGS, available financial resources to support it remain modest. Thus, this study seeks to help maximize the effectiveness of the agency's work. The study took two years, during which time the committee visited field sites, received briefings, reviewed descriptive materials, deliberated toward conclusions, and wrote this report. Recommendations are intended to assist the USGS in improving its overall strategy for work in this area; descriptions of a number of scientific opportunities are included, and appropriate circumstances for collaboration with and support for others are identified.

  • Watershed Research in the U.S. Geological Survey
  • Copyright
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • 1 Introduction
  • 2 Watershed Research for Water Management
    • WATERSHEDS IN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT
      • Origins
      • Erosion and Sedimentation
      • Water Pollution Control
      • Urban Stormwater
      • Public Water Supplies
      • Watersheds as a Planning Framework
    • IMPLICATIONS FOR RESEARCH
  • 3 Scientific Rationale for Watershed Research
    • WATERSHEDS AS ENVIRONMENTAL LABORATORIES
    • HYDROLOGIC MODELS
    • A BRIEF HISTORY OF WATERSHED RESEARCH
    • DIRECTIONS FOR USGS ACTIVITY IN WATERSHED SCIENCE
  • 4 Scientific Opportunities for USGS
    • FOCUS AREAS AND ISSUES IN WATERSHED RESEARCH
      • Water Quality
      • Water Availability and Conservation
      • Land Use and Land Use Change
      • Natural Hazards
      • Climatic Variability and Change
      • Aquatic Habitat Alteration and Restoration
    • POTENTIAL FOR WATERSHED RESEARCH TO ADDRESS NEEDS
      • A Knowledge Base for Large Watersheds
      • A Knowledge Base for the Restoration of Watersheds
      • A Knowledge Base for Urban-Suburban Hydrology
      • A Knowledge Base for Erosion, Sediment Transport, and Sediment Deposition
  • 5 Conclusions and Recommendations
    • WATERSHED RESEARCH PROGRAM INGREDIENTS
    • ADDRESSING THE ISSUES OF LARGER WATERSHEDS
    • INCREASED ATTENTION TO THE URBAN SETTING
    • RESTORATION OF AQUATIC ECOSYSTEMS
    • NEW ATTENTION TO SEDIMENT TRANSPORT
    • INVOLVEMENT OF STUDENTS IN WATERSHED RESEARCH
  • References
  • Biographical Sketches of Committee Members

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