The two principal objectives of this book were (1) to identify promising materials technologies, design issues (both overall and for individual components), and fire performance parameters (both full scale and for individual components) that, if properly optimized, would lead to improved fire and smoke resistance of materials and components used in aircraft interiors; and (2) to identify long-range research directions that hold the most promise for producing predictive modeling capability, new advanced materials, and the required product development to achieve totally fire-resistant interiors in future aircrafts. The emphasis of the study is on long-term innovation leading to impacts on fire worthiness of aircraft interiors ten to twenty years hence.
- FIRE- AND SMOKE-RESISTANT INTERIOR MATERIALS FOR COMMERCIAL TRANSPORT AIRCRAFT
- Copyright
- Acknowledgments
- Preface
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- Materials
- Component Design and Manufacturing
- Fire Testing, Evaluation, and Modeling
- Long-Term Research Program
- REPORT ORGANIZATION
- 1 Introduction
- STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM
- ACCIDENT STATISTICS
- STATEMENT OF OBJECTIVES
- 2 Design and Function Requirements for Aircraft Interior Materials
- MATERIALS OF CONSTRUCTION
- SAFETY
- Fire Resistance
- Strength and Stiffness Requirements
- WEIGHT
- COST
- MANUFACTURABILITY AND PRODUCIBILITY
- Processing Labor
- Processing Equipment and Tools
- COMFORT
- MAINTAINABILITY
- Cleanability
- Durability
- Repairability
- AESTHETICS
- 3 Evaluation of Materials Fire Performance
- FIRE SAFETY
- FIRE SCENARIOS
- Post-Crash External Fuel Fires
- In-Flight Fires
- Fire Dynamics and Fire Load
- FIRE MODELS
- TESTING AND FIRE-SAFETY ASSESSMENT
- Validation with Full-Scale Testing
- 4 Development of Candidate Materials for Future Interiors
- COMBUSTION OF POLYMERS
- Thermal Degradation
- Char Formation
- Transport of Degradation Products
- Ignition
- Fire Growth
- DEVELOPMENT OF MATERIALS
- Approach
- Thermosets
- Thermoplastics
- Organic/Inorganic Polymers
- Inorganic Materials
- New and Modified Materials
- Flame-Retardant Additives
- Toxicant Suppressants
- MANUFACTURING
- Manufacturing Processes
- Environmental and Health Considerations
- THEORETICAL MODELING OF POLYMER COMBUSTION
- Heat Transfer Models
- Thermal Degradation Models
- Transport Models
- Ignition Models
- Fire-Growth Models
- 5 Conclusions and Recommendations Research Opportunities
- MATERIALS
- COMPONENT DESIGN AND MANUFACTURING
- FIRE SCENARIOS
- Testing and Evaluation
- Modeling
- Long-Term Research Program
- References
- APPENDIX A Glossary of Terms
- Appendix B FAA Research and Development
- ORIGINAL MANDATES
- NEW MANDATES
- The Aviation Safety Research Act of 1988
- The Aircraft Catastrophic Failure Prevention Research Act of 1990
- FAA RESPONSE TO THE NEW RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT MANDATES
- Aircraft Safety Research Program
- Fire Research Program
- FAA Interim Materials Development Criteria
- Synthesis
- Characterization
- Modeling
- Processing
- REFERENCES
- Appendix C Current Fire-Modeling Capabilities
- ZONE MODELS
- FIELD MODELS
- Fire-Hazard Assessment Models
- REFERENCES
- Appendix D Toxicity Modeling Testing
- TOXICITY MODELS
- TOXICITY TESTING
- REFERENCES
- Appendix E Biographical Sketches of Committee Members
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