Understanding Marine Biodiversity

Understanding Marine Biodiversity

  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309083973
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309567602
  • eISBN Epub: 9780309176415
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 1995
  • Month: February
  • Pages: 129
  • Language: English

The diversity of marine life is being affected dramatically by fishery operations, chemical pollution and eutrophication, alteration of physical habitat, exotic species invasion, and effects of other human activities. Effective solutions will require an expanded understanding of the patterns and processes that control the diversity of life in the sea.

Understanding Marine Biodiversity outlines the current state of our knowledge, and propose research agenda on marine biological diversity. This agenda represents a fundamental change in studying the ocean—emphasizing regional research across a range of space and time scales, enhancing the interface between taxonomy and ecology, and linking oceanographic and ecological approaches.

Highlighted with examples and brief case studies, this volume illustrates the depth and breadth of undescribed marine biodiversity, explores critical environmental issues, advocates the use of regionally defined model systems, and identifies a series of key biodiversity research questions. The authors examine the utility of various research approaches—theory and modeling, retrospective analysis, integration of biotic and oceanographic surveys—and review recent advances in molecular genetics, instrumentation, and sampling techniques applicable to the research agenda. Throughout the book the critical role of taxonomy is emphasized.

Informative to the scientist and accessible to the policymaker, Understanding Marine Biodiversity will be of specific interest to marine biologists, ecologists, oceanographers, and research administrators, and to government agencies responsible for utilizing, managing, and protecting the oceans.

  • Understanding Marine Biodiversity
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Executive Summary
  • One Introduction
    • MARINE BIODIVERSITY IS CHANGING AND IT MATTERS
    • THE DEPTH AND BREADTH OF UNDERDESCRIBED MARINE BIODIVERSITY
    • SIGNIFICANT OPPORTUNITIES FOR FORGING NEW HORIZONS
      • Genetic Diversity
      • Species Diversity
      • Habitat and Ecosystem Diversity
  • Two Linking Pattern to Process: A Regional-Scale Approach
    • THE SPATIAL CONTINUUM
    • TEMPORAL CONSIDERATIONS
    • DEFINING THE MOST MEANINGFUL SCALES OF STUDY
    • A RATIONALE FOR STUDYING SEVERAL TYPES OF REGIONAL MODEL SYSTEMS
    • OBJECTIVES OF THIS INITIATIVE
  • Three Biodiversity Changes Due to Anthropogenic Effects: Critical Environmental Issues
    • FISHERIES OPERATIONS
      • Direct Fisheries Effects
      • Indirect Fisheries Effects
      • Mariculture Effects
      • Effects of Scientific Collecting
    • CHEMICAL POLLUTION AND EUTROPHICATION
    • ALTERATIONS IN PHYSICAL HABITAT
    • INVASIONS OF EXOTIC SPECIES
    • GLOBAL CLIMATE CHANGE
  • Four Regionally Defined Model Systems: Examples of Habitats
    • ESTUARIES AND BAYS
    • CORAL REEFS
    • TEMPERATE ZONE ROCKY SHORES
    • CONTINENTAL SHELVES AND SLOPES
    • PELAGIC OPEN OCEAN
    • DEEP SEA
  • Five The Critical Role of Taxonomy
  • Six Biodiversity Research Program
    • CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK
      • Patterns
      • Processes
      • Consequences
    • BASIC RESEARCH QUESTIONS
    • CONTINGENT AND REASONABLE PREDICTION
    • APPROACHES
      • Theory and Modeling
      • Retrospective Analysis: Importance of an Historical Perspective
      • Linking Biotic Surveys with Ecological and Oceanographic Experiments
    • METHODS
      • Taxonomic Methods
      • Molecular Genetics
      • Instrumentation
      • Sampling
      • Special Opportunities
    • IMPLEMENTATION
    • RELATIONSHIP TO OTHER PROGRAMS
      • Scientific Programs and Initiatives
      • Federal Agency Programs
  • Seven Summary
  • References
  • Appendixes
    • Appendix A Workshop Agenda
    • Appendix B Workshop Participants
    • Appendix C Acronyms
    • Appendix D Glossary
  • Index

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