Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals

Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309036955
eISBN Pdf: 9780309598712
Place of publication: United States
Year of digital publication: 1987
Month: January
Pages: 96
Language: English

Caption

How much do animals eat? Why do eating patterns change? How do physiological, dietary, and environmental factors affect feed intake? This volume, a comprehensive overview of the latest animal feed intake research, answers these questions with detailed information about the feeding patterns of fishes, pigs, poultry, dairy cows, beef cattle, and sheep. Equations for calculating predicted feed intake are presented for each animal and are accompanied by charts, graphs, and tables.

Predicting Feed Intake of Food-Producing Animals
Copyright
Preface
Contents
1 Introduction: Feed Intake Control Mechanisms
- INTRODUCTION
- OVERVIEW OF CONTROL SYSTEMS
  - Digestive Tract
  - Metabolites
  - Hormones
  - Brain
  - Other Factors
- REGULATORY PEPTIDES
  - Cholecystokinin
  - Opioid Peptides
- THE ROLE OF FEED INTAKE IN THE REGULATION OF ENERGY BALANCE
- SUMMARY
- REFERENCES
2 Fishes
- INTRODUCTION
- ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
- PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS
- DIETARY FACTORS
  - Nutrient Deficiency
  - Food Particle Size and Composition
  - Feeding Stimulants
  - Feed Quality
- PREDICTING FEED INTAKE
  - Feeding Equation Derivation
- REFERENCES
3 Swine
- INTRODUCTION
- FEED INTAKE OF GROWING PIGS
  - Suckling Pig
  - Weanling Pig
  - Growing Pig
- VOLUNTARY FEED INTAKE DURING GESTATION
- VOLUNTARY FEED INTAKE DURING LACTATION
- FACTORS AFFECTING VOLUNTARY FEED INTAKE
  - Physiological Factors
  - Environmental Factors
  - Nutritional Factors
- PREDICTING VOLUNTARY FEED INTAKE
- EXAMPLE PREDICTIONS
  - Validation
- REFERENCES
4 Poultry
- INTRODUCTION
- FEED INTAKE CONTROL MECHANISMS
  - Glucostatic Theory
  - Thermostatic Theory
  - Lipostatic Theory
  - Aminostatic Theory
  - Ionostatic Theory
  - Role of Brain Structure
  - Summary
- ESTIMATING FEED INTAKE OF LAYING HENS
- ESTIMATING FEED INTAKE OF BROILERS
- CALCULATIONS OF DRY MATTER INTAKE
- SUMMARY
- REFERENCES
5 Dairy Cattle
- INTRODUCTION
- LACTATION RESPONSE
- LIMITING FORAGE INTAKE
- COMPUTING ESTIMATES OF DRY MATTER INTAKE
  - Environmental Temperature
  - Metabolites
  - Meals and Meal Patterns
  - Grinding and Pelleting
- SUMMARY
- REFERENCES
6 Beef Cattle
- INTRODUCTION
- PHYSIOLOGICAL FACTORS
  - Body Size and Production Demands
  - Mature Size and Sex
  - Age
  - Genetic Variance
  - Breed Type
- ENVIRONMENTAL EFFECTS
  - Temperature and Weather
  - Photoperiod and Timing of Feeding
  - Forage Availability for Grazing Cattle
- DIETARY FACTORS
  - Diet Water Content
  - Degree of Fermentation
  - Dietary Protein
  - Feed Processing
- AN EVALUATION OF ALTERNATIVE SYSTEMS FOR PREDICTING INTAKE BY BEEF CATTLE
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
  - Limitations
- SUMMARY OF FACTORS INFLUENCING INTAKE OF BEEF CATTLE
- APPLICATION OF EQUATIONS AND ADJUSTMENTS
  - Yearlings
  - Calves
  - Beef Cows
- REFERENCES
7 Sheep
- INTRODUCTION
- PHYSIOLOGICAL AND DIETARY FACTORS
- PREDICTING DRY MATTER INTAKE OF SHEEP
- EVALUATION OF EQUATIONS TO PREDICT INTAKE OF SHEEP
- MANAGEMENT TO MAXIMIZE INTAKE IN SHEEP
- REFERENCES
Index

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