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Risking the Future

Risking the Future

Adolescent Sexuality, Pregnancy, and Childbearing

  • Author: Hayes, Cheryl D.
  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309036986
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309542630
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 1987
  • Month: January
  • Pages: 352
  • Language: English

More than 1 million teenage girls in the United States become pregnant each year; nearly half give birth. Why do these young people, who are hardly more than children themselves, become parents? This volume reviews in detail the trends in and consequences of teenage sexual behavior and offers thoughtful insights on the issues of sexual initiation, contraception, pregnancy, abortion, adoption, and the well-being of adolescent families. It provides a systematic assessment of the impact of various programmatic approaches, both preventive and ameliorative, in light of the growing scientific understanding of the topic.

  • Risking The Future
  • Copyright
  • Contents
  • Foreword
  • Preface
  • Summary
    • PRIORITIES FOR POLICIES AND PROGRAMS
      • Goal 1: Reduce the Rate and Incidence of Unintended Pregnancy Among Adolescents, Especially Among School-Age Teenagers
      • Goal 2: Provide Alternatives to Adolescent Childbearing and Parenting
      • Goal 3: Promote Positive Social, Economic, Health, and Developmental Outcomes for Adolescent Parents and Their Children
    • RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DATA COLLECTION AND RESEARCH
      • Program Evaluation Research
      • Data Collection
      • Research on Adolescent Sexual and Fertility Behavior
      • Experimentation
  • 1 Introduction
    • THE NATURE OF THE PROBLEM
    • THE SEARCH FOR SOLUTIONS
    • PUBLIC POLICIES TOWARD ADOLESCENT PREGNANCY AND CHILDBEARING
    • THE CHARGE TO THE PANEL
    • A CONTEXTUAL FRAMEWORK
    • STRUCTURE OF THE REPORT
  • 2 Trends in Adolescent Sexuality and Fertility
    • ADOLESCENTS IN THE UNITED STATES
      • Marriage
      • Schooling
      • Employment
    • THE POPULATION AT RISK OF PREGNANCY
      • Fecundity
      • Sexual Activity
      • Contraceptive Use
      • Estimating the Population at Risk of Pregnancy
    • PREGNANCY AND ITS RESOLUTION
      • Pregnancy
      • Births
      • Abortion
      • Marriage Before Childbearing (Legitimation)
      • Adoption
      • Nonmarital Childbearing
      • Future Projections
    • DATA ISSUES
      • Surveys
      • Record Systems
      • Data From Service Programs
    • CONCLUSIONS
  • 3 The Societal Context
    • FAMILY CHANGES
      • Family Structure
      • Patterns of Marriage
      • Patterns of Women's Employment and Unemployment
      • Family Income
    • SOCIETAL CHANGES
      • Poverty Status
      • Women's Roles and Norms of Sexual Behavior
      • Youth Culture
      • Technological Change: Television
    • CONCLUSION
  • 4 Determinants of Adolescent Sexual Behavior and Decision Making
    • DETERMINANTS OF ADOLESCENT SEXUAL ACTIVITY
      • Individual Characteristics
      • Family Characteristics
      • Peer Group Influence
    • DETERMINANTS OF CONTRACEPTIVE USE
      • Age at Initiation
      • Nature of the Relationship
      • Academic Aspirations and Achievement
      • Knowledge of Reproduction and Contraception
      • Acceptance of One's Own Sexuality and Attitude About Contraception
      • Developmental Characteristics
      • Parental Support and Controls
    • DETERMINANTS OF ABORTION
      • Unintendedness
      • Academic Aspirations and Achievement
      • Contraceptive Use
      • Family Characteristics
      • Peer Influences
      • Access to Abortion Services
    • DETERMINANTS OF MARRIAGE BEFORE CHILDBEARING (LEGITIMATION)
      • Race and Socioeconomic Status
      • Age
      • Availability of Financial Assistance
    • DETERMINANTS OF ADOPTION
    • DETERMINANTS OF NONMARITAL CHILDBEARING
      • Race
      • Attitudes Toward Nonmarital Childbearing
      • Poverty and Unemployment
      • Availability of Financial Assistance
    • CONCLUSION
  • 5 Consequences of Adolescent Childbearing
    • HEALTH RISKS AND OUTCOMES
    • EDUCATIONAL ATTAINMENT
    • FAMILY STRUCTURE AND FAMILY SIZE
    • WORK STATUS AND INCOME
    • POVERTY AND FINANCIAL DEPENDENCE
    • OUTCOMES FOR CHILDREN OF TEENAGE MOTHERS
    • CONCLUSION
  • 6 Preventive Interventions
    • PROGRAMS THAT IMPART KNOWLEDGE AND/OR INFLUENCE ATTITUDES
      • Sex Education and Family Life Education
      • Assertiveness and Decision-Making Training
      • Family Communication Programs
      • Teenage Theatre
      • Media Approaches
    • PROGRAMS THAT PROVIDE ACCESS TO CONTRACEPTION
      • Contraceptive Services
      • Condom Distribution Programs
      • School-Based Clinics
      • Pregnancy Testing and Counseling
      • Hot Lines
    • PROGRAMS THAT ENHANCE LIFE OPTIONS
      • Programs to Improve Life Planning
      • Role Model and Mentoring Programs
      • Programs to Improve School Performance
      • Youth Employment Programs
      • Comprehensive Community-Based Prevention Programs
    • COALITIONS AND INTEREST GROUPS
    • MEASURING THE COSTS AND BENEFITS OF PREVENTION PROGRAMS
    • CONCLUSION
  • 7 Interventions for Pregnant and Parenting Adolescents
    • ABORTION SERVICES
    • PROGRAMS THAT PROVIDE HEALTH CARE SERVICES
      • Prenatal Care and Delivery
      • Nutritional Services
      • Pediatric Care
      • Family Planning and Reproductive Health Services
    • PROGRAMS THAT PROVIDE ECONOMIC SUPPORT
      • Aid to Families With Dependent Children
      • Child Support Enforcement
    • PROGRAMS THAT ENHANCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE CHILDREN OF ADOLESCENT MOTHERS
      • Child Care Programs
      • Parenting Education
      • Parenthood Programs for Young Men
      • Emergency Services
    • PROGRAMS THAT ENHANCE LIFE OPTIONS FOR ADOLESCENT PARENTS
      • Programs to Improve Life Planning
      • Life Skills Training
      • Alternative Schools
      • Employment Programs
      • Family Care Programs
      • Role Models and Mentoring Programs
      • Comprehensive Care Programs
      • Adoption Services
    • CONCLUSION
  • 8 Priorities for Data Collection and Research
    • PRIORITIES FOR DATA COLLECTION
      • Large-Scale Surveys
      • National and State-Level Reporting Systems
      • Data From Service Providers
    • PRIORITIES FOR RESEARCH ON ADOLESCENT SEXUAL AND FERTILITY BEHAVIOR
      • Individuals
      • Families
      • Communities
      • Society
    • PRIORITIES FOR PROGRAM EVALUATION RESEARCH
      • Outcome Versus Process Evaluation
      • Outcome Measures
      • Sampling and Control Groups
      • Intervening Variables
      • Units of Analysis
      • Cost Data
      • Time Frames
      • Financial and Technical Assistance
    • PRIORITIES FOR EXPERIMENTATION
  • 9 Priorities for Policies and Programs
    • PRIORITIES FOR POLICIES AND PROGRAMS
      • Goal 1: Reduce the Rate and Incidence of Unintended Pregnancy Among Adolescents, Especially Among School-Age Teenagers
      • Goal 2: Provide Alternatives to Adolescent Childbearing and Parenting
      • Goal 3: Promote Positive Social, Economic, Health, and Developmental Outcomes for Adolescent Parents and Their Children
    • CONCLUSION
  • References
  • Index

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  • Loan duration: 21 days
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