Underutilized Resources as Animal Feedstuffs

Editor: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309033824
eISBN Pdf: 9780309541084
Lloc de publicació: United States
Any de publicació digital: 1983
Mes: Gener
Pàgines: 272
Idioma: Anglés

Underutilized Resources as Animal Feedstuffs
Copyright
Preface
Contents
Overview
1 Industrial Food Processing Wastes
- INTRODUCTION
- QUANTITY
- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- FRUIT AND NUT PROCESSING WASTES
  - Apple (Malus pumila) Processing Wastes
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing
  - Citrus Processing Wastes
  - Peach (Prunus persica) Processing Wastes
  - Pear (Pyrus communis) Processing Wastes
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing
  - Fruit Canneries' Activated Sludge
    - Physical Characteristics
    - Nutritional Value
  - Winery Wastes
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing
  - Cacao (Theobroma cacao) Processing Wastes
    - Physical Characteristics
    - Nutritional Value
  - Fruit Pits, Fruit Pit Kernels, Nut Hulls, and Nut Shells
- VEGETABLE PROCESSING WASTES
  - Potato (Solanum tuberosum) Processing Wastes
    - Physical Characteristics
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing Methods
  - Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatus) Processing Wastes
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing Methods
  - Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) Processing Wastes
    - Physical Characteristics
    - Nutritional Value
  - Other Vegetables
- ANIMAL BY-PRODUCTS
  - Dairy Whey
    - Quantity
    - Physical Characteristics
    - Chemical Composition
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing Methods
  - Seafood Processing Wastes
    - Quantity
    - Nutritional Value
    - Processing Methods
  - Poultry Processing Wastes
  - Red Meat Processing Wastes
    - Paunch Content
      - Physical Characteristics
      - Quantity
      - Nutritional Value
      - Processing Methods
    - Meat Processing Wastewater Treatment
    - Tannery, Wastes
      - Nutritional Value
    - Hair
      - Nutritional Value
- ALTERNATIVE USES FOR FOOD PROCESSING WASTES
- ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH PROBLEMS AND REGULATORY ASPECTS
  - Pesticide Residues
  - Heavy Metals
  - Animal Health
    - Apple Pomace and Nonprotein Nitrogen
    - Cacao Processing Wastes
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
2 Nonfood Industrial Wastes
- INTRODUCTION
- ORGANIC CHEMICAL INDUSTRY
  - Quantity
  - Physical Characteristics
  - Nutritive Value
  - Processing
    - Raw Materials
      - Paraffin Hydrocarbons
      - Alcohols
      - Carbohydrates
      - Organisms
  - Utilization Systems
    - Experimental
    - Industrial
  - Animal and Human Health
    - Pathogens
    - Harmful Substances
- FERMENTATION INDUSTRY
  - Quantity
  - Physical Characteristics
  - Nutritive Value
  - Processing Technology
  - Utilization Systems
    - Experimental
    - Industrial
  - Health Considerations
  - Regulatory Aspects
- MUNICIPAL SOLID WASTE
  - Quantity
  - Physical Characteristics
  - Nutritive Value
    - Chemical Composition
    - Nutrient Utilization
  - Processing
  - Animal and Human Health
- RESEARCH NEEDS
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
3 Forest Residues
- INTRODUCTION
- WHOLE-TREE RESIDUE AND FRACTIONS OF WHOLE TREES
  - Quantity
  - Collectibility
  - Physical Characteristics
  - Nutritive Value
    - Aspen Bark
      - Chemical Composition
      - Nutrient Utilization
      - Animal Performance
    - Aspen Sawdust
      - Chemical Composition
      - Nutrient Utilization
    - Whole Aspen Tree
      - Chemical Composition
      - Nutrient Utilization
      - Animal Performance
    - Forest Foliage
      - Chemical Composition
      - Nutrient Utilization
      - Animal Performance
  - Processing Methods
    - Hydrolysis
    - Alkali and Ammonia
    - Delignification
    - Biochemical
    - Grinding
    - Irradiation
  - Utilization Systems
    - Experimental
    - Industrial
    - Potential
- PULPMILL AND PAPERMILL RESIDUES
  - Quantity
  - Physical Characteristics
  - Nutritive Value
    - Fines and Screen Rejects
      - Chemical Composition
      - Nutrient Utilization
      - Animal Performance
  - Processing
  - Utilization Systems
    - Potential
  - Sludges
    - Chemical Composition
    - Nutrient Utilization
  - Spent Sulfite Liquor
- WOOD RESIDUES AS ROUGHAGE SUBSTITUTES IN RUMINANT DIETS
- ANIMAL HEALTH
- REGULATORY ASPECTS
- RESEARCH NEEDS
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
4 Animal Wastes
- INTRODUCTION
- QUANTITY
- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
- NUTRITIVE VALUE
  - Chemical Composition of Animal Wastes
  - Nutrient Utilization
  - Performance of Animals Fed Animal Wastes
    - Cattle Waste
    - Swine Waste
    - Poultry Waste
    - Poultry Litter
    - Miscellaneous
- PROCESSING
  - Ensiling
  - Dehydration
  - Other Processes
    - Pelleting
    - Liquid Feeding
    - Oxidation Ditch
    - Patented Systems
    - Substrates for Protein Production
- UTILIZATION SYSTEMS
  - Experimental
  - Industrial
  - Potential Utilization
- ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH
  - Pathogenic Organisms
  - Harmful Substances
    - Minerals
    - Medicinal Drug Residues and Metabolites
    - Other
  - Quality of Products from Animals Fed Waste
- REGULATORY ASPECTS: FEDERAL AND STATE
- RESEARCH NEEDS
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
5 Crop Residues
- INTRODUCTION
- QUANTITY
- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
- NUTRITIVE VALUE
  - Corn
  - Wheat and Other Small Grain and Grass Straws
  - Soybean
  - Grain Sorghum
  - Other Residues
- PROCESSING METHODS
  - Corn
  - Wheat and Other Small Grains
  - Soybean
  - Grain Sorghum
  - Other Residues
- UTILIZATION SYSTEMS
- POTENTIAL UTILIZATION
- ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH PROBLEMS AND REGULATORY ASPECTS
- RESEARCH NEEDS
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
- Glossary Terms
6 Aquatic Plants
- INTRODUCTION
- QUANTITY
- PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS
- NUTRITIVE VALUE
  - Chemical Composition
    - Algae
    - Other Aquatic Plants
  - Nutrient Utilization
    - Algae
    - Seaweed
    - Water Hyacinth
  - Animal Performance
    - Algae
    - Seaweed
    - Water Hyacinth
- PROCESSING
- ALGAE
- SEAWEED
- OTHER AQUATIC PLANTS
- UTILIZATION SYSTEMS
- ANIMAL AND HUMAN HEALTH
- REGULATORY ASPECTS
- RESEARCH NEEDS
- SUMMARY
- LITERATURE CITED
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