Research Needs for Human Factors

Publisher: National Academies Press
ISBN: 9780309078672
eISBN Pdf: 9780309592147
Place of publication: United States
Year of digital publication: 1983
Month: January
Pages: 172
Language: English

Research Needs for Human Factors
Copyright
PREFACE
Contents
1 INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW
- HUMAN DECISION MAKING
- ELICITING EXPERT JUDGMENT
- SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEMS
- USER-COMPUTER INTERACTION
- POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES
- APPLIED METHODS
- CONCLUSION
2 HUMAN DECISION MAKING
- BACKGROUND
- RESEARCH ON DECISION MAKING
  - Decision Structuring
  - Measuring Preferences
  - Evaluation
  - Improving Realism
  - Aiding Diffuse Decisions
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
3 ELICITING INFORMATION FROM EXPERTS
- BACKGROUND
- RESEARCH ON ELICITATION
  - Ensuring a Common Frame of Reference
  - Matching Questions to Mental Structures
  - Clarifying Information Quality
  - Eliciting Systems
  - Estimating Numerical Quantities
  - Detecting Reporting Bias
  - Reporting Past Events
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
4 SUPERVISORY CONTROL SYSTEMS
- SUPERVISORY CONTROL IN DIFFERENT APPLICATIONS
  - Process Control
  - Vehicle Control
  - Manipulators and Discrete Parts Handling
- THEORY AND METHOD
  - Modeling Supervisory Control
  - Display and Command
  - Computer Knowledge-Based Systems and the Operator's Internal Cognitive Model
    - Human-Machine Control
    - Cognitive Science
  - Mental Workload
    - Human-Machine Control (This section is adapted from Sheridan and Young, 1982).
    - Cognitive Science
  - Human Proficiency and Error: Culpability, Trust, and Ultimate Authority
- CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
- REFERENCES
5 USER-COMPUTER INTERACTION
- INTRODUCTION
- THE COMPUTER SYSTEM
- USERS AND TASKS
  - Users
  - Tasks
- COMPUTER HARDWARE
  - Input Devices
  - Output Devices
    - CRT Displays
    - Alternatives to CRT Displays
  - Workplace Design
  - General Problems
- COMPUTER SOFTWARE
- DOCUMENTATION
  - Documentation as Part of an Overall System
  - Computer-Based Versus Print-on-Paper Documentation
  - Capturing the Intent of the Creators of the System
  - Dynamic Graphics and Documentation
  - Documentation in the Form of Knowledge Bases
  - Computer Systems to Facilitate Conventional Documentation
- SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS
- REFERENCES
6 POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES
- THE IMPACT OF FEDERAL ANTIDISCRIMINATION LEGISLATION
- SEX AND JOB PERFORMANCE
- AGE AND JOB PERFORMANCE
- INTERACTIONS AMONG VARIABLES
- NATIONAL AND ETHNIC DIFFERENCES
- INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES AND TRAINING
- BARRIERS TO SUCCESSFUL PERFORMANCE
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR RESEARCH ON POPULATION GROUP DIFFERENCES
- REFERENCES
7 APPLIED METHODS IN HUMAN FACTORS
- DOCUMENTATION OF APPLIED METHODS
- SURVEY OF HUMAN FACTORS SPECIALISTS ON APPLIED METHODS
- EDUCATION IN APPLIED METHODS
  - Education in Colleges and Universities
  - Continuing Education in Applied Methods
- RESEARCH ON APPLIED METHODS
  - Improvement and Extension of Existing Applied Methods
  - Development of New Applied Methods
- SUMMARY
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIX SHORT DEFINITIONS OF APPLIED METHODS RECOMMENDED AS SUBJECTS FOR TUTORIAL
  - TASK ANALYSIS
  - SIMULATION
  - TIME LINE ANALYSIS
  - INFORMATION ANALYSIS
  - ACTIVITY ANALYSIS

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