This book reviews the effects on health of fluoride ingested from various sources. Those health effects reviewed include dental fluorosis; bone fracture; effects on renal, reproductive, and gastrointestinal systems; and genotoxicity and carcinogenicity. The book also reviews the Environmental Protection Agency's current drinking-water standard for fluoride and considers future research needs.
- Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride
- Copyright
- Preface
- Contents
- Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride
- Executive Summary
- INTRODUCTION
- INTAKE, METABOLISM, AND DISPOSITION OF FLUORIDE
- DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- FLUORIDE AND BONE FRACTURES
- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON THE RENAL SYSTEM
- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON HYPERSENSITIVITY AND THE IMMUNE SYSTEM
- EFFECTS OF FLUORIDE ON REPRODUCTION
- GENOTOXICITY
- CARCINOGENICITY
- CONCLUSIONS
- Health Effects of Ingested Fluoride
- 1 Introduction
- 2 Dental Fluorosis
- THE FLUORIDE CONTENT OF TEETH
- FLUORIDE'S ACTION IN PREVENTING DENTAL CARIES
- HISTOPATHOLOGY OF DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- DIAGNOSTIC ISSUES IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- INDEXES FOR DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND FLUORIDE INTAKE
- PREVALENCE OF DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- RISK FACTORS IN DENTAL FLUOROSIS
- THE RELATION BETWEEN DENTAL FLUOROSIS AND CARIES
- CONCLUSIONS
- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
- 3 Fluoride Exposure and Risk of Bone Fracture
- BONE FRACTURE IN HUMANS
- Clinical Trials of Fluoride
- Population Studies
- Studies Using Information from Individuals
- Studies Using Population Characteristics
- Skeletal Fluorosis
- Discussion
- BONE FRACTURE IN ANIMALS
- 4 Reproductive Effects of Fluoride
- REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN HUMANS
- REPRODUCTIVE EFFECTS IN ANIMALS
- DISCUSSION
- 5 Effects of Ingested Fluoride on Renal, Gastrointestinal, and Immune Systems
- EFFECTS ON THE RENAL SYSTEM
- EFFECTS ON THE GASTROINTESTINAL SYSTEM
- HYPERSENSITIVITY AND IMMUNOLOGICAL EFFECTS
- DISCUSSION
- 6 Genotoxicity of Fluoride
- IN VITRO GENOTOXICITY TEST SYSTEMS
- Microbes
- Mammalian Cells
- Gene Mutations
- Chromosomal Aberrations and Sister Chromatid Exchanges
- DNA Damage and Repair
- Transformation
- Discussion
- IN VIVO GENOTOXICITY TEST SYSTEMS
- Drosophila
- Rodents
- Human Studies
- PROPOSED MECHANISMS OF GENOTOXICITY
- SUMMARY
- 7 Carcinogenicity of Fluoride
- FLUORIDE CARCINOGENCITY IN HUMANS
- FLUORIDE CARCINOGENICITY IN ANIMALS
- Early Toxicological Studies Of Fluoride and Cancer
- Recent Carcinogenicity Bioassays
- CONCLUSIONS
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- 8 Intake, Metabolism, and Disposition of Fluoride
- FLUORIDE INTAKE
- FLUORIDE ABSORPTION
- FLUORIDE IN PLASMA
- TISSUE DISTRIBUTION
- FLUORIDE EXCRETION
- RECOMMENDATIONS
- References
- Appendix 1 Criteria for Dean's Index, TF Index, and TSIF
- Appendix 2 Letter to AFIP
- Appendix 3 AFIP Response
Text
Audio
Adobe DRM
Login to your account