As the world's population exceeds an incredible 6 billion people, governments—and scientists—everywhere are concerned about the prospects for sustainable development.
The science academies of the three most populous countries have joined forces in an unprecedented effort to understand the linkage between population growth and land-use change, and its implications for the future. By examining six sites ranging from agricultural to intensely urban to areas in transition, the multinational study panel asks how population growth and consumption directly cause land-use change, and explore the general nature of the forces driving the transformations.
Growing Populations, Changing Landscapes explains how disparate government policies with unintended consequences and globalization effects that link local land-use changes to consumption patterns and labor policies in distant countries can be far more influential than simple numerical population increases. Recognizing the importance of these linkages can be a significant step toward more effective environmental management.
- GROWING POPULATIONS, CHANGING LANDSCAPES
- Copyright
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- STUDY REGIONS
- PROJECT DESIGN AND FINDINGS
- CONCLUSION
- PART I Population and Land Use in India, China, and the United States: Context, Observations, and Findings
- 1 Introduction to the Tri-Academy Project
- ORIGIN OF THE STUDY
- RESEARCH OBJECTIVES
- THE STUDY REGIONS
- PROJECT STRUCTURE
- DESCRIPTIVE FRAMEWORK
- REFERENCES
- 2 Elements of Population Growth
- POPULATION AND LAND AREA
- CHANGES IN DENSITY AND POPULATION
- THE DEMOGRAPHIC TRANSITION AND COMPONENTS OF POPULATION CHANGE
- Age Structure and Age-Specific Vital Rates
- Spatial Redistribution
- THE ORETICAL BACKGROUND AND STUDY FINDINGS
- People as Consumers and Producers
- Study Findings
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 3 Land Use Change in Space and Time
- LAND USE CLASSIFICATION SCHEME
- PATTERNS OF LAND USE CHANGE
- 1. Are Less Intensively Managed Lands Declining?
- 2. What Is the Pattern of Change in Agricultural Land?
- 3. What Is the Dynamic of Change for Subsistence and Market Crops?
- 4. What Has Happened to Built-up Areas?
- PROCESSES OF CHANGE
- REFERENCES
- 4 Findings and Observations of the Tri-Academy Project
- RESEARCH QUESTIONS
- Government Policy
- Globalization and Migration
- FINDINGS
- BEYOND THE CASE STUDIES
- REFERENCE
- PART II India
- Indian Case Studies: An Introduction
- 5 Population and Land Use in Kerala
- GEOGRAPHY, SOILS, AND CLIMATE
- DEMOGRAPHY
- Fertility and Mortality Rates
- Urban Growth
- Migration
- SOCIAL STRUCTURE
- ECONOMIC STRUCTURE
- CHANGES IN LAND USE
- Shifts in Cropping Patterns
- Migration and Land Use Change
- Travancore–Malabar Migration
- Highland Migration
- Deforestation
- Urbanization
- ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
- Water Pollution
- Policies and Regulations
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 6 Population and Land Use in Haryana
- HARYANA: A DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILE
- Population
- Migration, Land Availability, and Urbanization
- CHANGES IN LAND USE
- Agricultural Development of Haryana since 1950: Five Phases
- State-level Analysis
- Cropping Patterns
- Effects of the Green Revolution on the Arid and Semiarid Regions
- WATER RESOURCES
- Declining Water Table
- Waterlogging and Salinization
- Water Table Dynamics
- Water Resource Policies
- SOCIOECONOMIC INDICATORS
- Economic Indicators
- Changes in Household Consumption
- Trends in Livestock
- Social Welfare
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- 7 Gender Dimensions of the Relationship Between Population and Land Use in the Indian States of Kerala and Haryana
- A FRAMEWORK FOR AND HYPOTHESES ABOUT THE GENDER DIMENSION OF THE POPULATION–LAND USE RELATIONSHIP IN INDIA
- Effects of Land Use Patterns on the Demand for Female Labor
- Effects of the Demographic Transition Process on the Female Labor Supply
- Effects of a Decline in Common Property Resources on Women's Lives
- Land Use Changes and Their Implications for Women's Health
- DEMOGRAPHIC PROFILES OF KERALA AND HARYANA
- LAND USE TRENDS IN KERALA AND HARYANA
- OCCUPATIONAL BREAKDOWN BY GENDER
- FACTORS INFLUENCING THE GENDER-LINKED SOCIAL STRUCTURE
- CONCLUSION
- ACKNOWLEDGMENTS
- REFERENCES
- PART III China
- Chinese Case Studies: An Introduction
- JITAI BASIN
- PEARL RIVER DELTA
- 8 Population, Consumption, and Land Use in the Jitai Basin Region, Jiangxi Province
- THE JITAI BASIN: A DESCRIPTION
- Physical Conditions
- Population and Demographics
- Land Use Change
- Land Quality
- Economic Development
- Consumption Levels
- DATA AND METHODOLOGY
- AN INTEGRATED ANALYSIS OF LAND USE CHANGE
- RESEARCH FINDINGS
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 9 Population, Consumption, and Land Use in the Pearl River Delta, Guangdong Province
- THE PEARL RIVER DELTA: A DESCRIPTION
- Physical Conditions
- Demographics
- Land Use Change
- Environmental Quality
- DATA AND METHODOLOGY
- AN ANALYSIS OF LAND USE CHANGE
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- PART IV United States
- U.S. Case Studies: An Introduction
- SOUTH FLORIDA
- CHICAGO REGION
- 10 Transformation of the South Florida Landscape
- SOUTH FLORIDA: A PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION
- The Everglades
- Changes in Land Use
- HUMAN INTERVENTION AND ECOLOGICAL CHANGE IN SOUTH FLORIDA
- Key Drivers of Changes in Land Use
- Pre-1900: Frontier Settlement
- 1900–1930: Drainage and Land Conversion
- 1930–1950: Flood Control and Consolidation
- 1950–1970: Postwar Boom and Flood Control
- 1970–Present: Dynamic Growth and Constraints
- EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE OF THE PROCESS OF LAND USE CHANGE
- The Impact of the Changing Regional Economy on Land Use
- The Impact of Infrastructure on Land Use
- THE KEY ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS AND MARKETS: A DISCUSSION
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
- 11 Evolution of the Chicago Landscape: Population Dynamics, Economic Development, and Land Use Change
- DESCRIPTION OF THE STUDY REGION
- MAJOR DRIVERS AND CONSEQUENCES OF LAND COVER CHANGE
- Settlement and Population Dynamics
- Economic Structure
- Resource-Related Activities
- Urban Activities
- Environmental Issues and Resource Exhaustion
- LINKS BETWEEN DRIVERS AND PROCESSES OF LAND USE CHANGE IN CHICAGO
- Pre-settlement–1900
- 1900–1955
- 1955–1992
- CONCLUSION
- REFERENCES
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