When the Cold War abruptly ended, DOE halted most nuclear materials production. In 1995, Congress chartered DOE's Environmental Management Science Program (EMSP) to bring the nation's scientific infrastructure to bear on EM's most difficult, long-term cleanup challenges. The EMSP provides grants to investigators in industry, national laboratories, and universities to undertake research that may help address these cleanup challenges. On several occasions the EMSP has asked the National Academies for advice on developing its research agenda. This report resulted from a 15-month study by an Academies committee on long-term research needs for deactivation and decommissioning (D&D) at DOE sites.
- Research Opportunities for Deactivating and Decommissioning Department of Energy Facilities
- Copyright
- Preface
- List of Report Reviewers
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- FACILITIES THAT POSE SIGNIFICANT D&D PROBLEMS
- RESEARCH RECOMMENDATIONS
- Characterization
- Decontamination
- Robotics
- End States
- PROGRAMMATIC RECOMMENDATIONS
- International Cooperation
- Science Needs Identification
- Application of Successful Research Results
- EMSP VISION
- 1 Introduction, Background, and Task
- 2 D&D Challenges in the DOE Complex
- OVERVIEW OF DOE FACILITIES
- Uranium Mining, Milling, and Refining
- Isotope Separation (Enrichment)
- Uranium Enrichment
- Lithium Enrichment
- Heavy Water Production
- Fuel and Target Fabrication
- Reactor Operations
- Chemical Separations
- Component Fabrication
- Weapon Operations
- Research, Development, and Testing (RD&T)
- Waste Processing
- GREATEST FUTURE CHALLENGES FOR D&D
- Radiochemical Separation Facilities
- Gaseous Diffusion Plants
- Plutonium Processing Facilities
- Tritium Processing Facilities
- PHASES OF A D&D PROJECT
- FACILITY END STATES
- 3 Current D&D Science and Technology Programs
- U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY PROGRAMS
- The Environmental Management Science Program
- The D&D Focus Area
- U.S. PROGRAMS OUTSIDE THE DOE
- INTERNATIONAL D&D SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY PROGAMS
- The EC Research and Technological Development Framework Program
- The OECD Cooperation Agreement on Decommissioning
- Finding and Recommendation on International D&D Collaborations
- 4 Research Recommendations
- CHARACTERIZATION
- Characterization of Surfaces
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- Analytical chemistry methods
- Nanosensors
- Biosensors
- Profiling Construction Materials
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- Remote Mapping
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- Detector materials
- Fiber optic chemical sensors
- Fiber optic radiation sensors
- DECONTAMINATION
- Fundamental Interactions and Modeling
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- Biological Processes
- Current status
- Opportunities
- Bioleaching
- Biosurfactants
- Biocatalysis
- Examples
- ROBOTICS AND INTELLIGENT MACHINES
- Intelligent and Adaptable Remote Systems
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- Actuators
- Universal criteria-based software
- Virtual presence
- Summary
- END STATES
- Fate and Behavior of Contaminants in Construction Materials
- Current Status
- Opportunities
- 5 Programmatic Recommendations
- A VISION STATEMENT FOR THE EMSP
- IMPROVING SCIENCE NEEDS IDENTIFICATION
- Engaging scientists and contractors
- Framing and Prioritizing Needs
- Defining D&D Task Parameters—An Example for Remote Equipment Needs
- APPLYING SUCCESSFUL RESEARCH RESULTS TO DOE'S D&D PROBLEM
- INCIDENTAL BENEFITS FROM THE EMSP
- References
- Appendixes
- A Presentations to the Committee
- Washington, D.C., March 16-17, 2000
- Richland, Washington, May 24-25, 2000
- Oak Ridge, Tennessee, June 26-27, 2000
- Westminster, Colorado, August 23-24, 2000
- Washington, D.C., October 19, 2000
- B Biographical Sketches of Committee Members
- C Interim Report
- RECOMMENDATIONS FOR THE EMSP FY 01 SOLICITATION
- Characterization
- Decontamination
- Remote Systems
- GENERAL ADVICE
- ATTACHMENT A COMMITTEE ROSTER
- COMMITTEE ON LONG-TERM RESEARCH NEEDS FOR DEACTIVATION AND DECOMMISSIONING AT DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SITES
- ATTACHMENT B STATEMENT OF TASK
- COMMITTEE ON LONG-TERM RESEARCH NEEDS FOR DEACTIVATION AND DECOMMISSIONING AT DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY SITES
- ATTACHMENT C LIST OF REVIEWERS
- ATTACHMENT D REFERENCES
- D Illustrative Science Base and Scope for Remote Technology for Decontamination and Decommissioning of DOE Nuclear Facilities
- BACKGROUND
- HOW CAN THIS BE DONE?
- REMOTE SYSTEMS SCIENCE ACTIVITY TO SUPPORT LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT FOR D&D
- E Acronyms
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