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Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals

Volume 2

  • Publisher: National Academies Press
  • ISBN: 9780309085113
  • eISBN Pdf: 9780309567732
  • eISBN Epub: 9780309182706
  • Place of publication:  United States
  • Year of digital publication: 2002
  • Month: October
  • Pages: 293
  • Language: English

This book reviews toxicity documents on five chemicals that can be released in the air from accidents at chemical plants, storage sites, or during transportation. The documents were prepared by the National Advisory Committee on Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances and were evaluated for their scientific validity, comprehensives, internal consistency, and conformance to the 1993 guidelines report.

  • Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Selected Airborne Chemicals
  • Copyright
  • OTHER REPORTS OF THE BOARD ON ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND TOXICOLOGY
  • Preface
  • Contents
  • Introduction
    • SUMMARY OF REPORT ON GUIDELINES FOR DEVELOPING AEGLS
  • Roster of the National Advisory Committee for Acute Exposure Guideline Levels for Hazardous Substances
  • Appendix
    • 1 Phosgene: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
      • SUMMARY
      • 1. INTRODUCTION
      • 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA
        • 2.1. Acute Lethality
        • 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 2.2.1. Case Reports
          • 2.2.2. Epidemiologic Studies
        • 2.3. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 2.4. Genotoxicity
        • 2.5. Carcinogenicity
        • 2.6. Summary
      • 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
        • 3.1. Acute Lethality
          • 3.1.1. Mouse
          • 3.1.2. Rats
          • 3.1.3. Guinea Pigs
          • 3.1.4. Rabbits
          • 3.1.5. Cats
          • 3.1.6. Dogs
          • 3.1.7. Goats
          • 3.1.8. Sheep
          • 3.1.9. Nonhuman Primates
        • 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 3.2.1. Mice
          • 3.2.2. Rats
          • 3.2.3. Guinea Pigs
          • 3.2.4. Hamsters
          • 3.2.5. Rabbits
          • 3.2.6. Dogs
          • 3.2.7. Sheep
          • 3.2.8. Goats
          • 3.2.9. Cats
          • 3.2.10. Monkeys
        • 3.3. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 3.4. Genotoxicity
        • 3.5. Carcinogenicity
        • 3.6. Summary
      • 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
        • 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition
        • 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity
        • 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships
        • 4.4. Other Relevant Information
          • 4.4.1. Haber’s Law and Time Scaling
      • 5. RATIONALE AND PROPOSED AEGL-1
        • 5.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1
      • 6. RATIONALE AND PROPOSED AEGL-2
        • 6.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2
      • 7. RATIONALE AND PROPOSED AEGL-3
        • 7.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3
      • 8. SUMMARY OF PROPOSED AEGLS
        • 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End Points
        • 8.2. Comparison with Other Standards and Guidelines
        • 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs
      • 9. REFERENCES
  • Appendixes
    • APPENDIX A DERIVATION OF AEGL VALUES
      • Derivation of AEGL-1
        • Derivation of AEGL-2
          • Derivation of AEGL-3
      • APPENDIX B DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR PHOSGENE (CAS No. 75–44–5)
    • 2 Propylene Glycol Dinitrate: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
      • SUMMARY
      • 1. INTRODUCTION
      • 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA
        • 2.1. Acute Lethality
        • 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 2.2.1. Occupational Exposures
          • 2.2.2. Experimental Studies
        • 2.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 2.4. Developmental and Reproductive Effects
        • 2.5. Genotoxicity
        • 2.6. Carcinogenicity
        • 2.7. Summary
      • 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
        • 3.1. Acute Lethality
        • 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 3.2.1. Nonhuman Primates
          • 3.2.2. Dogs
          • 3.2.3. Rats
          • 3.2.4. Guinea pigs
        • 3.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 3.4. Developmental and Reproductive Effects
        • 3.5. Genotoxicity
        • 3.6. Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
        • 3.7. Summary
      • 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
        • 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition
        • 4.2. Mechanisms of Toxicity
        • 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships
        • 4.4. Other Relevant Information
          • 4.4.1. Species Differences
          • 4.4.2. Susceptible Populations
          • 4.4.3. Concentration-Exposure Duration Relationship
          • 4.4.4. Concurrent Exposures
      • 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1
        • 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1
      • 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2
        • 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2
      • 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3
        • 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3
      • 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLs
        • 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End points
        • 8.2. Comparisons with Other Standards and Guidelines
        • 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs
      • 9. REFERENCES
  • Appendixes
    • APPENDIX A DERIVATION OF AEGL VALUES
      • Derivation of AEGL-1
        • Derivation of AEGL-2
        • Derivation of AEGL-3
      • APPENDIX B Potential Methemoglobin Formation in Infants
      • APPENDIX C DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS PROPYLENE GLYCOL DINITRATE (CAS No…
    • 3 1,1,1,2-Tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a): Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
      • SUMMARY
      • 1. INTRODUCTION
      • 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA
        • 2.1. Acute Lethality
        • 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
        • 2.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 2.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 2.5. Genotoxicity
        • 2.6. Carcinogenicity
        • 2.7. Summary
      • 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
        • 3.1. Acute Lethality
        • 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 3.2.1. Nonhuman Primates
          • 3.2.2. Dogs
          • 3.2.3. Rats
          • 3.2.4. Mice
        • 3.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 3.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 3.5. Cardiac Sensitization
        • 3.6. Genotoxicity
        • 3.7. Subchronic and Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
        • 3.8. Summary
      • 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
        • 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition Considerations
          • 4.1.1. Deposition and Elimination
          • 4.1.2. Metabolism
        • 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity
        • 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships
        • 4.4. Other Relevant Information
          • 4.4.1. Species Differences
          • 4.4.2. Susceptible Populations
          • 4.4.3. Concentration-Exposure Duration Relationship
      • 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1
        • 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1
      • 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2
        • 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2
      • 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3
        • 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3
      • 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLs
        • 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End points
        • 8.2. Comparison with Other Standards and Guidelines
        • 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs
      • 9. REFERENCES
  • Appendix
    • DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR 1,1,1,2-TETRAFLUOROETHANE (HCF-134a) (CAS No. 811-97-2)
    • 4 1,1-Dichloro-1-fluoroethane (HCFC-141b): Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
      • SUMMARY
      • 1. INTRODUCTION
      • 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA
        • 2.1. Acute Lethality
        • 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 2.2.1. Occupational Exposures
          • 2.2.2. Experimental Studies
        • 2.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 2.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 2.5. Genotoxicity
        • 2.6. Carcinogenicity
        • 2.7. Summary
      • 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
        • 3.1. Acute Lethality
          • 3.1.1. Rats
          • 3.1.2. Mice
        • 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 3.2.1. Nonhuman Primates
          • 3.2.2. Dogs
          • 3.2.3. Rats
          • 3.2.4. Mice
        • 3.3. Neurotoxicity
        • 3.4. Developmental and Reproductive Toxicity
        • 3.5. Cardiac Sensitization
        • 3.6. Genotoxicity
        • 3.7. Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
        • 3.8. Summary
      • 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
        • 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition Considerations
          • 4.1.1. Deposition
          • 4.1.2. Metabolism
        • 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity
        • 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships
        • 4.4. Other Relevant Information
          • 4.4.1. Species Variability
          • 4.4.2. Susceptible Populations
          • 4.4.3. Concentration-Exposure Duration Relationship
      • 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1
        • 5.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1
      • 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2
        • 6.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2
      • 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3
        • 7.1. Summary of Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.2. Summary of Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3
      • 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLs
        • 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End Points
        • 8.2. Comparison with Other Standards and Guidelines
        • 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs
      • 9. REFERENCES
  • Appendix
    • DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR 1,1-DICHLORO-1-FLUOROETHANE (HCFC-141b) ( CAS No. 1717-00-6)
    • 5 Hydrogen Cyanide: Acute Exposure Guideline Levels
      • SUMMARY
      • I. INTRODUCTION
      • 2. HUMAN TOXICITY DATA
        • 2.1. Acute Lethality
        • 2.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
        • 2.3. Developmental and Reproductive Effects
        • 2.4. Genotoxicity
        • 2.5. Carcinogenicity
        • 2.6. Summary
      • 3. ANIMAL TOXICITY DATA
        • 3.1. Acute Lethality
          • 3.1.1. Dogs
          • 3.1.2. Rats
          • 3.1.3. Mice
          • 3.1.4. Rabbits
        • 3.2. Nonlethal Toxicity
          • 3.2.1. Nonhuman Primates
          • 3.2.4. Mice
          • 3.2.5. Rabbits
        • 3.3. Developmental and Reproductive Effects
        • 3.4. Genotoxicity
        • 3.5. Chronic Toxicity and Carcinogenicity
        • 3.6. Summary
      • 4. SPECIAL CONSIDERATIONS
        • 4.1. Metabolism and Disposition
        • 4.2. Mechanism of Toxicity
        • 4.3. Structure-Activity Relationships
        • 4.4. Other Relevant Information
          • 4.4.1. Species Differences
          • 4.4.2. Susceptible Populations
          • 4.4.3. Concentration-Exposure Duration Relationship
          • 4.4.4. Concurrent Exposure Issues
      • 5. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-1
        • 5.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-1
        • 5.3. Derivation of AEGL-1
      • 6. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-2
        • 6.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-2
        • 6.3. Derivation of AEGL-2
      • 7. DATA ANALYSIS FOR AEGL-3
        • 7.1. Human Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.2. Animal Data Relevant to AEGL-3
        • 7.3. Derivation of AEGL-3
      • 8. SUMMARY OF AEGLs
        • 8.1. AEGL Values and Toxicity End Points
        • 8.2. Comparisons with Other Standards and Guidelines
        • 8.3. Data Adequacy and Research Needs
      • 9. REFERENCES
      • Appendixes
        • APPENDIX A TIME-SCALING CALCULATIONS FOR HYDROGEN CYANIDE
        • APPENDIX B DERIVATION OF AEGL VALUES
          • Derivation of AEGL-1
          • Derivation of AEGL-2
          • Derivation of AEGL-3
        • APPENDIX C DERIVATION SUMMARY FOR ACUTE EXPOSURE GUIDELINE LEVELS FOR HYDROGEN CYANIDE (CAS No. 74-90-8)

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