We find Roma settlements on the outskirts of villages, separated from the majority population by roads, railways or other barriers, disconnected from water pipelines and sewage treatment. Why are some people (or groups) better off than others when it comes to the distribution of environmental benefits? In order to understand the present situation and identify ways to address the impacts of these inequalities we must understand the past and mechanisms related to the differentiated treatment. The situation and discrimination of the Roma ethnic minority in Slovakia is examined from the perspective of environmental conditions and injustice. There is no simple answer as to why there is environmental injustice. Environmental conditions in Roma settlements are just one of the indicators of failures of policies addressing the problem of poverty and social exclusion in marginalized groups, structural discrimination, and internal Roma problems. Environmental injustice is not an outcome of the "historical determination" of the Roma population to live in environmentally problematic places.
- Cover
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Contents
- List of Abbreviations and Acronyms
- List of Tables
- List of Figures
- Acknowledgements
- Introduction
- CHAPTER ONE Environment, Poverty and the Roma
- Points of Departure
- Setting of the Story
- PART I
- CHAPTER TWO Environmental Justice and Entitlements
- Distribution and Procedures
- What Can We Learn from the Justice Struggles?
- Central and Eastern Europe
- Entitlements: Resources and Control
- CHAPTER THREE The Roma of Slovakia
- The Past and the Present
- New Regime and Old Tricks
- Villages and Shantytowns
- Situation and Trends
- PART II
- CHAPTER FOUR Rudňany: A Tale of the Old Liabilities
- The Village and the People
- The Roma in Rudňany
- A Story of Contaminated Land
- Roma Coping Strategies
- Entitlements and Resources
- People and the Power
- Roma and the Environment
- Environmental Injustice
- CHAPTER FIVE The Svinka River: People, Water and the Environment
- People, Housing and Segregation
- Hermanovce
- Jarovnice
- Svinia
- A Tale of Water
- Floods
- Environment and Coping Strategies
- Land, Entitlements and Environmental Justice
- CHAPTER SIX A Regional Snapshot Overview
- Exposure to Toxic and Waste
- Access to Water and Sanitation
- Exposure to Flood
- The Land: Access and Entitlements
- Risks and the People
- PART III
- CHAPTER SEVEN Patterns of Environmental (In)justice
- Pattern 1: Exposure to Hazardous Waste and Chemicals
- Pattern 2: Vulnerability to Floods
- Pattern 3: Differentiated Access to Potable Water
- Pattern 4: Discriminatory Waste Management Practice
- The Patterns and the Impacts
- CHAPTER EIGHT Roma? Not in My Backyard
- Economic Interests
- Spatial Distance and “Not in My Backyard” Syndrome
- Changes in Local Economy
- “Beyond the Pale” Construction
- Symbolic, Cultural, and Social Capital
- Competition and Conflicts
- CHAPTER NINE Trends and Reverting the Trends
- Doom Scenario: From Competition to Conflict
- Optimistic Scenario: From Competition to Cooperation
- Short-term Measures: The Key Challenge of Housing
- Long-term Opportunities: What is Environmental is Also Economic and Social
- Green Employment
- From Entitlements and Involvement into Development
- Planning, Struggling, and Stakeholders
- Living beyond the Pale? Challenges and Conclusions
- Annex. Shifts in Approaches
- References
- Index
- Back cover
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