Until now, Andean peasants have primarily been thought of by scholars as isolated subsistence farmers, "resistant" to money and to different markets in the region. Ethnicity, Markets, and Migration in the Andes overturns this widely held assumption and puts in its place a new perspective as it explores the dynamic between Andean cultural, social, and economic practices and the market forces of a colonial and postcolonial mercantile economy.
Bringing together the work of outstanding scholars in Andean history, anthropology, and ethnohistory, these pioneering essays show how, from the very earliest period of Spanish rule, Andean peasants and their rulers embraced the new economic opportunities and challenged or subverted the new structures introduced by the colonial administration. They also convincingly explain why in the twentieth century the mistaken idea developed that Andean peasants were conservative and unable to participate effectively in different markets, and reveal how closely ethnic inequalities were tied to evolving market relations. Inviting a critical reconsideration of ethnic, class, and gender issues in the context of rural Andean markets, this book will revise the prevailing view of Andean history and provide a more fully informed picture of the complex mercantile activities of Andean peasants.
- Contents
- List of Maps
- Acknowledgments
- Part I. Introduction
- Chapter 1. Andean Communities, Political Cultures, and Markets: The Changing Contours of a Field - Brooke Larsons
- Part II. From Inca to Spanish Rule: The Making of Indian Markets
- Chapter 2. Did Tribute and Markets Prevail in the Andes before the European Invasion? - John V. Murra
- Chapter 3. The Variety and Ambiguity of Native Andean Interventions in European Colonial Markets - Steve J. Stern
- Chapter 4. Exchange in the Ethnic Territories between 1530 and 1567: The Visitas of Huánuco and Chucuito - Carlos Sempat Assadourian
- Chapter 5. Exchange and Markets in the Sixteenth Century: A View from the North - Susan E. Ramírez
- Part III. Andean Tribute, Migration, and Trade: Remapping the Boundaries of Ethnicity and Exchange
- Chapter 6. Indian Migration and Social Change in Seventeenth-Century Charcas - Thierry Saignes
- Chapter 7. Indians in Late Colonial Markets: Sources and Numbers - Enrique Tandeter, Vilma Milletich, María Matilda Ollier, and Beatríz Ruibal
- Chapter 8. Markets, Power, and the Politics of Exchange in Tapacarí, c. 1780 and 1980 - Brooke Larson and Rosario León
- Part IV. Negotiating the Meanings of Market Exchange: Community and Hierarchy in Three Andean Contexts
- Chapter 9. Ethnic Calendars and Market Interventions among the Ayllus of Lipes during the Nineteenth Century - Tristan Platt
- Chapter 10. The Sources and Meanings of Money: Beyond the Market Paradigm in an Ayllu of Northern Potosí - Olivia Harris
- Chapter 11. "Women Are More Indian": Ethnicity and Gender in a Community near Cuzco - Marisol de la Cadena
- Part V. Conclusion
- Chapter 12. Ethnic Identity and Market Relations: Indians and Mestizos in the Andes - Olivia Harris
- Glossary
- Selected Bibliography
- Contributors
- Index
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