For centuries, archaeologists have excavated the soils of Britain to uncover finds from the early medieval past. These finds have been used to reconstruct the alleged communities, migration patterns, and expressions of identity of coherent groups who can be regarded as ethnic 'Anglo-Saxons'. Even in the modern day, when social constructionism has been largely accepted by scholars, this paradigm still persists.
This book challenges the ethnic paradigm. As the first historiographical study of approaches to ethnic identity in modern 'Anglo-Saxon' archaeology, it reveals these approaches to be incompatible with current scholarly understandings of ethnicity. Drawing upon post-structuralist approaches to self and community, it highlights the empirical difficulties the archaeology of ethnicity in early medieval Britain faces, and proposes steps toward an alternative understanding of the role played by the communities of lowland Britain – both migrants from across the North Sea and those already present – in transforming the Roman world.
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- List of Tables and Figures
- Acknowledgements
- 1 Introduction
- Historical Approaches to the aduentus Saxonum
- A Note on Terminology
- The Structure of the Book
- A Note on Contemporary Political Resonances
- 2 Ethnicity and Archaeology
- Ethnicity: General Conception and Theorisation
- Ethnic Theorisation and Archaeology
- Ethnicity in Anglo-Saxon Archaeology
- The Freiburg School
- 3 Empiricism and Metaphysics
- Differential Ontology
- Derridean Deconstruction
- Deleuze, Guattari, and the Rhizome
- Applying Differential Ontology
- Earlier Applications of Differential Ontology to Archaeological Interpretation
- Some Final Methodological Principles
- Selecting and Approaching the Case Studies
- 4 Deconstructing Anglo-Saxon Archaeology
- Introduction
- John Hines and Culture History
- Catherine Hills: The Migration Debate
- Sam Lucy: ‘Deconstructing’ Ethnicity?
- Howard Williams: Remembering ‘Germans’ and ‘Ancestors’?
- James Gerrard: Ethnicities or ‘Ideologies’?
- Toby Martin: The Cruciform Brooch and ‘Anglian’ Identity
- Conclusion
- 5 The Material Evidence Reconsidered
- Critical Issues
- A Summary of the Present Evidence Base and Problems with Its Use
- ‘Germanic’ Artwork? The Saxon Relief Style and Salin’s Style I
- Searching for Ethnicity in ‘Folk’ Costume and Weapon Burials
- Non-Empirical Uses of Data in Action
- Conclusion
- 6 Building an Alternative
- The Case Studies
- Wider Implications from the Case Studies
- The End of Roman Rule in Britain and the Transformation of the Roman World
- ‘Re-use’ of Roman Material
- Conclusion
- 7 New Approaches and Final Reflections
- New Approaches to Communal Organisation
- Avenues for Further Research
- Appendix
- Bibliography
- Index
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