The underrepresentation of minorities in health and other professions has long cast a shadow over our nation's efforts to develop a more representative and productive society. Many programs have been developed to enlarge the presence of minorities in health careers, but these efforts have been unable to develop the infrastructure and momentum needed to produce and sustain an adequate number of minority professionals among the ranks of clinicians, researchers, and teachers.
This book looks at the historical significance of this underrepresentation, presents data that define the problem, and identifies underlying factors that contribute to the failure to achieve fairness in opportunity.
The volume examines programs that have made successful efforts to decrease underrepresentation and sets forth an action and research agenda for further enhancing the numbers of minorities in the health professions.
- BALANCING THE SCALES OF OPPORTUNITY
- Copyright
- Preface
- Acknowledgments
- Contents
- Executive Summary
- 1 Introduction
- BACKGROUND
- SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROBLEM
- Need to Improve Health Services for Minorities
- Professional Development for All Personnel
- Loss in Economic Productivity
- Influencing and Improving Public Policy
- Facilitating Institutional Change
- Community Leadership and Advocacy
- Relevance to Health Care Reform
- Relevance to Reform in Public Education
- 2 Factors That Define the Pipeline
- WHERE THE LEAK BEGINS
- Medical School
- The Admissions Process
- Other Health Professions Schools
- Allied Health
- FACTORS ASSOCIATED WITH MINORITY UNDERREPRESENTATION
- Overt Racism or Lack of Concern?
- Problems in Funding
- Lack of Institutional Commitment
- Regents of California v. Bakke
- Individual and Community Responsibilities
- CONCLUSION
- 3 Lessons from Successful Programs
- MEDICAL SCHOOL LEVEL
- The Admissions Process
- Fostering Academic Careers
- Faculty Development
- POSTBACCALAUREATE PROGRAMS
- COLLEGE PROGRAMS
- College-Level Summer Program
- Faculty Development
- UNIVERSITY OUTREACH
- HIGH SCHOOL PROGRAM
- COMPREHENSIVE PROGRAMS
- SUMMARY
- 4 Sharing Visions and Working Toward the Future
- BUILDING THE VISION
- Improved Mathematics and Science Learning
- Commitment to Excellence
- Collaborative Efforts
- Value on Diversity
- The Right Attitude for Learning
- Culturally Sensitive Communications
- Mentorship
- Improved Evaluation and Dissemination Efforts
- Improved, Coordinated Resources
- Improving Health Services for Minorities
- MOVING THE VISION FORWARD
- Community-Wide Initiative
- Commitment and Initiatives of Academic Health Centers
- The Media and Health Careers
- SUMMARY
- References
- A: Listing of Workshop Participants and Commissioned Papers
- WORKSHOP PARTICIPANTS
- COMMISSIONED PAPERS
- B: Further Sources of Information
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