Focusing upon a region in Southern Bulgaria, a region that has been the crossroads between Europe and Asia for many centuries, this book describes how former Ottoman Empire Muslims were transformed into citizens of Balkan nation-states. This is a region marked by shifting borders, competing Turkish and Bulgarian sovereignties, rival nationalisms, and migration. Problems such as these were ultimately responsible for the disintegration of the dynastic empires into nation-states. Land that had traditionally belonged to Muslims—individually or communally—became a symbolic and material resource for Bulgarian state building and was the terrain upon which rival Bulgarian and Turkish nationalisms developed in the wake of the dissolution of the late Ottoman Empire and the birth of early republican Turkey and the introduction of capitalism. By the outbreak of World War II, Turkish Muslims had become a polarized national minority. Their conflicting efforts to adapt to post-Ottoman Bulgaria brought attention to the increasingly limited availability of citizenship rights, not only to Turkish Muslims, but to Bulgarian Christians as well.
- Cover
- Title page
- Copyright page
- Table of Contents
- List of Maps, Tables, and Illustrations
- Acknowledgements
- List of Key Ottoman Turkish and Bulgarian Terms
- Note on Names, Transliterations, and Dates
- Introduction
- Chapter One: The Eastern Crisis, Russia’s “Civilizing Mission” in the Balkans, and the Emergence of Eastern Rumelia
- Chapter Two: Repatriation, Postwar Reconstruction, and the Limits of Pluralismin Eastern Rumelia
- Chapter Three: An Experiment in Pluralistic Governance: Emigration and the Emergence of National Politics
- Chapter Four: Anchoring Unified Bulgaria on “Muslim” Land
- Chapter Five: Muslim Land vs. Bulgarian Labor: The Cost of Building a Modern Capitalist Nation
- Chapter Six : Land, Nation, Minority
- Chapter Seven: Debating Community and Citizenship
- Conclusion
- Select Bibliography
- Index
- Back Cover
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