This book uses the notion of "Chinese exceptionalism" as a framework to analyze China's international politics and foreign policy. It argues that China's approach to international relations is best understood in the context of these claims to exceptionalism and China's broader political world view. In doing so, it fosters a more comprehensive understanding of China's actions within the realms of foreign policy and international politics, and in the context of the preferred world order, norms and rules that the country seeks to promote.
- Cover
- Table of Contents
- Acknowledgments
- 1. The Rise of China
- Political Worldview and Chinese Exceptionalism
- The Argument: The Chinese Political Worldview and Chinese Exceptionalism
- Exceptionalism in International Relations
- The Chinese Worldview and the Global Political Order
- Research Design
- Book Overview
- 2. Chinese Political Worldview
- IR with Chinese Characteristics
- IR Theory with Chinese Characteristics
- Yan Xuetong: A Chinese Realist Confronts Realism
- Qin Yaqing and Feng Zhang: From Constructivism to Relationality
- Relationalism Meets Power Politics
- Zhao Tingyang: Tianxia (“All-under-Heaven”) and World Order
- Tianxia: A World Liberated or a World Enslaved?
- Chinese IR Theory and the Contestation of Chinese Identity
- Conclusion
- 3. Who is China?
- A Remaking of National Identity
- Liquid Modernity and Chinese National Identity
- Community and Its Discontents
- Chinese-ness and Chinese National Identity
- I China Welcomes the World, but on Its Terms
- II To Be Chinese Is to Be Supportive of the PRC
- III One Must First Embrace China to Love (and Discover) China
- Fostering Cohesiveness Via Chinese Nationalism
- Projecting the Idea of China’s Goodness vs. the Evil Outside World
- Conclusion
- 4. Chinese National Image and Global Leadership
- The Importance of National Image
- Xi Jinping: The Governance of China
- I The Chinese Dream: The Image of China as a Flourishing Civilization
- II Reform and Restraint Strategy: The Image of China as “Progressive And Peaceful”
- IIa The Language of Reform: China Is Progressing
- IIb The Logic of Restraint: China Is “Peaceful”
- III China as a Moral Example in International Politics
- Conclusion: Whither China’s National Image
- 5. The Belt and Road and the Path to Chinese Greatness
- Economic Statecraft and Chinese Political Influence
- Chinese Discourse of the Belt and Road Initiative
- I Challenging the Rules of the International System
- II Competition for Regional Influence
- III China’s Domestic Environment and Responsibility to Its People
- The Belt and Road Initiative and Chinese Exceptionalism
- Conclusion
- 6. Perceiving China
- Case Studies from Indonesia and Vietnam
- Return of the Dragon: Sino-Southeast Asia Relations Since 2010
- China and Vietnam: The Meeting of Two Dragons
- I The Chinese Dream
- II China’s Peaceful and Progressive Rise
- III China as a Moral Example in International Politics
- China and Indonesia: Whither Regional Influence and Domestic Politics
- I Contestation over Regional Order and Norms
- II Domestic Politics and the Ethnic Chinese Factor
- Conclusion
- 7. Deciphering China
- Views from Singapore
- Engaging China: The Security Dimension
- Engaging China: The Economic Dimension
- The Realist Position: Maintaining Balance of Power
- The Economic Institutionalism Position: New Rules for Changing Times
- The Constructivist Position: A View from History
- A Contestation of Spheres: Geopolitical, Economic, or Cultural
- Sino-Singaporean International Relations and the Differences that Matter
- Conclusion
- 8. Conclusion
- From Chinese Exceptionalism to Chinese Universality
- Main Findings
- From Chinese Exceptionalism to the Quest for Universality
- Areas for Further Study
- 9. Afterword
- Covid-19 and the Limits of Chinese Exceptionalism
- I China as a Responsible Power: Cooperating with the WHO to Mask Diplomacy
- II China the “Good Samaritan”: From Medical Aid to Mask Diplomacy
- III China Is Superior: The China Model of Fighting the Virus
- COVID-19, Chinese Exceptionalism, and Global Leadership
- Conclusion: From Political Fault Lines to Personal Redemption
- Bibliography
- Index
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